Zompist Bboard Again

December 8: M

monkey

• ape, monkey, simian: Old Gothic *apa "ape, monkey" > Middle Gothic apa [ápa] > Early Modern Gothic abe [ábɛ] > Modern Gothic abes [wábɨs]
• monkey (specifically): Byzantine Greek maïmou "monkey" ->>> Middle Gothic majmu, maïmu [majmú] "monkey" > Early Modern Gothic mejmus [méjmʊs] > Modern Gothic mimus [méməs]
  note that the former term is the standard term, and the latter is used only when greater specificity is desired

moldy

• Old Gothic *taglags "hairy" > Middle Gothic taglags [táglaɣz] "hairy" > Early Modern Gothic taglewz [táglɛvz] "hairy, furry" > Modern Gothic taglews [táglɨfs] "furry, moldy"
• related noun: Old Gothic tagl "hair" > Middle Gothic tagl [tágul] "hair (on body)" > Early Modern Gothic tagl [tágʊl] "hair (on body); fur" > Modern Gothic tagls [tágəls] "fur; mold" (stem in all stages is [tágl-])

melt

• Old Gothic *miltan "to melt, dissolve" (intransitive) > Middle Gothic mildan [míldan] "to melt, dissolve" (intransitive) > Early Modern Gothic mildo [míldɔ] "to melt" (transitive or intransitive) > Modern Gothic miudo [mjódə] "to melt, liquefy" (transitive or intransitive)
• Old Gothic *gamaltjan "to melt, dissolve" (transitive) > Middle Gothic gamalddjan [gamájʤan] > Early Modern Gothic gemajzjo [gɛmájʒɔ] "to dissolve, disintegrate" (transitive) > Modern Gothic gemedjo [gmáʒə] "to eliminate, erase"

December 9: T

tea

• Polish herbata "tea" ->>> Modern Gothic erbatas [ɛrbáutəs] "tea"

tidy

• Middle Gothic miþskaidans [míþskɛðanz] (past participle of "to cluster (sth) together"; see day 1) > Early Modern Gothic miskelz [mískɛlz] "sorted, organized" > Modern Gothic miskels [mískɨls] "tidy, neat, orderly"

trust

• Old Gothic gatrauan "to trust, be confident in" > Middle Gothic gadrauan [gadrɔ́ʊan] "to trust" > Early Modern Gothic gedrowo [gɛdróvɔ] > Modern Gothic gedrowo [gɛdrɒ́və]
  
• Old Gothic trauan "to trust, rely on, confide in" > Middle Gothic drauan [drɔ́ʊan] "to trust, confide in" > Early Modern Gothic drowo [dróvɔ] "to conspire with" > Modern Gothic drowo [drɒ́və]

almost caught up!

12^th Lex: Seem
目ンサく
āgēđeh, āgēđa, āgēđiver, āgēđivir
アｷ゙̄ｰン̞シーカゥ　/ɔːɣɛːzʲiːx/

• To show off, to flaunt
• To make yourself be seen
• (With the middle) To seem, to pretend to be

Etymology:
From *āγγënsa ‘to see out’ from *aγγa ‘to see’ + *-nsa ‘out’

I have decided to use this as an opportunity to come up with new words for my new language, so here goes:

C

conspiracy

'conspiracy' (n. m. inan.): wageet [wɐˈɣæːt], from nmlz. wa- + 'plan', 'scheme' (v.): pfv. gaat [ʁɑːt], ipfv. geet [ɣæːt], imp. agaat [ɐˈʁɑːt]

close

'close' (v.): pfv. laal [lɑːl], ipfv. leel [ʎæːl], imp. alaal [ɐˈlɑːt]
'close', 'near' (adj.): taxrsee [ˈtɑxrʃæ], from 'soon', 'close', 'near' (adj.) taxr [tɑχr] + super. -see

charter

'charter' (n. f. inan.): faqittu xaakunneyi [fɑˈkitːo χɑˈkuɲːɐje], from:

• 'writing' (n. f. inan.): faqittu [fɑˈkitːo] from nmlz. fa- + 'write' (originally 'scratch') (v.): pfv. quttu [ˈqutːo], ipfv. qittu [ˈkitːo], imp. aqutt [ɑˈqutː]
• 'promise' (n. m. inan.): xaakunne [ˈχɑːkoɲːɐ] from nmlz. xaa- + 'promise' (v.): pfv. kunne [ˈkuɲːɐ], ipfv. kinne [ˈciɲːɐ], imp, akunn [ɐˈkunː], + gen. -(y)i

L

leftovers

'leftovers' (n. m. inan.): riyit'aa [rejeˈtʼɑː] from nmlz. ri- + neg. yi- + 'eat' (v.): pfv. t'aa [tʼɑː], ipfv. t'ee [tsʼæː], imp. at'e [ˈɑtsʼɐ]

load

'load' (v.):

• 'put' (v.): pfv. dinn [dzinː], ipfv. denn [dzænː], imp. adinn [ɐˈzinː]
• 'top' (n. m. anim.): xaar [χɑːr]

'load' (n. f. inan.): fadinnbe xaar [fɐˈziɲːbɐ χɑːr] from nmlz. fa- + 'load' (v. pfv.): dinn [dzinː] with m. inan. sg. obj. agreement -be

lease

'lease', 'borrow', 'lend' (v.): pfv. kalr [kɑlr], ipfv. kelr [cælr], imp. ukalr [oˈkɑlr] (distinguishing lending from borrowing is done by context)
'lease' (n. m. inan.): wakelr [wɐˈcælr] from nmlz. wa- + 'lend' (v. ipfv.): kelr [cælr]

P

personal

'personal' (adj.): haqastha [hɑˈqɑsthɐ] from adj. ha- + 'self' (n. f. anim.) qastha [ˈqɑsthɐ]

pure

'pure', 'true', 'loyal' (adj.): miin [miːn]

pressure

'pressure' (n. m. inan.): wak'eem [wɐˈcʼæːm] from nmlz. wa- + 'push', 'squeeze' (v.): pfv. k'aam [kʼɑːm], ipfv. k'eem [cʼæːm], imp. uk'am [oˈkʼɑm]

F

flesh

'flesh', 'meat' (n. f. inan.): zak [zɑk]

forestry

'forestry' (n. m. inan.): waledizd [wɐʎɐˈzizd] from nmlz. wa- + v. ipfv. le- + 'wood' (n. f. inan.): dizd [dzizd]

force

'force' (n. f. inan.): fak'eem [fɐˈcʼæːm] from nmlz. fa- + 'push', 'squeeze' (v.): pfv. k'aam [kʼɑːm], ipfv. k'eem [cʼæːm], imp. uk'am [oˈkʼɑm]

D

drum

'drum' (n. f. anim.): lat'aah [lɐˈtʼɑːh]

despise

'despise', 'hate' (v.): pfv. yuut [juːt], ipfv. yiit [jiːt], pfv. ayut [ɐˈjut]

disappointment

'disappointment' (n. f. inan.): eer itaginneyi [æːr etɐˈɣiɲːɐje] from 'after' (n. f. inan.): eer [æːr] + nmlz. ita- + 'sad' (adj.): ginne [ˈɣiɲːɐ] + gen. -(y)i

A

atmosphere

'atmosphere' (n. m. inan.): fiida malli [ˈfiːðɐ ˈmɑʎːe] from 'air' (n. m. inan.): fiida [ˈfiːðɐ] + 'sky' (n. m. inan.) mall [mɑlː] + gen. -(y)i

ally

'ally' (n. m. anim.): q'eyr [kʼɛːr]

adviser

'adviser' (n. f. anim.): reeteyha [ˈræːtɛhɐ] from agt. nmlz. ree- + 'help' (v.): pfv. tiy [tsiː], ipfv. tey [tsɛː], imp. atiy [ɐˈtsiː] + f. anim -h(a)

J

joke

'joke' (n. f. inan.): seek' [ʃæːkʼ]
'joke' (v.): pfv. riit [riːt], ipfv. reet [ræːt], imp. urit [oˈɾit]

jurisdiction

'jurisdiction' (n. m. anim.): fawr heyki [fɔːr ˈçɛːci] from 'around' (n. m. anim.): fawr [fɔːr] + 'law' (n. m. anim.): heyk [çɛːk] + gen. -(y)i

jewel

'jewel'. (n. f. inan.): fasasaq [fɐsɐˈsɑq] from nmlz. fa- + 'sparkle', 'glitter' (v., ipfv. only): sasaq [sɐˈsɑq] from iter. (redup.) sa- + 'spark' (v.): pfv. siq [ʃeq], ipfv. saq [sɑq], imp. asiq [ɐˈʃeq]

M

momentum

'momentum' (n. m. inan.): muumentum [ˈmuːmɐntom] from New Latin mōmentum

market

'market' (n. f. inan.): kaykeefi [ˈkɑjcæɸe] from loc. nmlz. kay- + 'buy' (v.): pfv. kaafi [ˈkɑːɸe], ipfv. keefi [ˈcæːɸe], imp. akaaf [ɐˈkɑːf]
'market', 'sell' (v.): pfv. zatr [zɑtr], ipfv. zetr [ʒætr], imp. azatr [ɐˈzɑtr]

mistreat

'mistreat' (v.): pfv. qalli [ˈqɑʎːe], ipfv. qelli [ˈkæʎːe], imp. aqall [ɑˈqɑlː]

T

tune

'tune' (v.):

• 'give' (v.): pfv. taw [tɔː], ipfv. tew [tsæw], imp. ataw [ɐˈtɔː]
• 'sound' (n. m. inan.): laab [lɑːb]

'tune', 'song' (n. f. inan.): nikt [ɲikt]

tense

'tense' (adj.): liha [ˈʎihɐ]
'tense' (n. m. inan., ling.): tens [tsæns] from English tense

tough

'tough' (adj.): faka [ˈfɑkɐ]

Q

quota

'quota', 'total' (n. m. inan.): qawlillat [ˈqɔːʎelːɐt] from nmlz. qaw- + 'complete' (adj.): lillat [ˈlilːɐt]

queen

'queen' (n. f. anim.): taahinh(a) [ˈtɑːçenh(ɐ)] from 'king' (n. m. anim.): taahin [ˈtɑːçen] + f. anim. -h(a)

quote

'quote' (n. f. inan.): fagawluuk [fɑʁɔˈluːk] from nmlz. fa- + 'say' (v.): pfv. gaw [ʁɔː], ipfv. gew [ɣæw], imp. agaw [ɑˈʁɔː]+ 'hear' (v.): pfv. luuk [luːk], ipfv. liik [ʎiːk], imp. uluk [oˈluk]

X

x-ray

'x-ray' (n. m. anim.): nazd q'aalr [nɑzd qʼɑːlr] from 'light' (n. m. anim.): nazd [nɑzd] + 'secret' (adj.): q'aalr [qʼɑːlr]

S

systematic

'systematic', 'wholly done' (adj.): quulak [ˈquːlɐk]

steak

'steak' (n. m. inan.): fatawk k'iitri [fɐˈtɔːk ˈcʼiːtre] from nmlz. fa- + 'cut' (v.): pfv. tawk [tɔːk], ipfv. tewk [tsæwk], imp. atawk [ɐˈtɔːk] + 'head of cattle' (n. f. anim.): k'iitr [cʼiːtr] + gen. -(y)i

salmon

'salmon' (n. f. anim.): ziinh(a) [ˈʒiːnh(ɐ)]
'salmon' (n. f. inan., food): zak ziinhi [zɑk ˈʒiːɲçe] from 'flesh', 'meat' (n. f. inan.): zak [zɑk] + 'salmon' (n. f. anim.) ziinh(a) [ˈʒiːnh(ɐ)] + gen. -(y)i

13^th Lex: Yam
ヂイェ
Dijē, Dijēwi
ヂイェ　/dɪjɛː/

• Yam (plant), Yam (tuber)
• (Occasionally, esp. in the north) other tuberous vegetables

Etymology:
From PS *δijē

Y

young

'young' (adj.): teyn [tsɛːn]

youth

'youth' (n. m. inan., quality): qawteyn [qɔˈtsɛːn] from nmlz. qaw- + 'young' (adj.): teyn [tsɛːn]
'youth' (n. m. anim.): kinteyn [ceɲˈtsɛːn] from anim. nmlz. kin- + 'young' (adj.) teyn [tsɛːn]
'youth' (n. f. anim.): kinteynh(a) [ceɲˈtsɛːnh(ɐ)] from anim. nmlz. kin- + 'young' (adj.) teyn [tsɛːn] + f. anim. -h(a)

yearn

'yearn', 'long' (v.): pfv. gayt [ʁɑjt], ipfv. geyt [ɣɛːt], imp. agayt [ɑˈʁɑjt]

Lexember 5: D - dominant

Since Msérsca doesn't have adjectives in quite the same way English does, I'll just work around this.

rexeren
[ˈɾɛksɛɾɛn]
to dominate, impel, lead by example; from rexes virtue, authority, charisma, sprezzatura

This word has a much more positive connotation than dominate sometimes has in English, and it implies a kind of grace, elegance, or genuineness. It means something closer to draw in or win over.

claftir
[ˈklaftɪɾ]
to dominate, force, compel, probably related to cláf fist

This word, on the other hand, can be a bit more negative. More than cruelty or malice, though, it implies strain or great (possibly excessive) effort or force on the part of the subject.

14^th Lex: Wheel
行たく
kāmtah, kāmtakui
カーマゥタカゥ　/kɔːmtax/

• A wheel
• A fickle person

Etymology:
From PS *këmwëhtakë, from *kamwa ‘to go’ + *-uδa ‘around’ + *-takë ‘a nominaliser’

Edit: mistake in the etymology. The PS form of the directional was *-uδa, not *-ura. *VδV leads to LZ r, while *r leads to LZ l

Lērisama wrote: ↑Sat Dec 14, 2024 2:41 am

• A wheel
• A fickle person

Another neat definition!

Raphael wrote: ↑Sat Dec 14, 2024 4:25 am

Lērisama wrote: ↑Sat Dec 14, 2024 2:41 am

• A wheel
• A fickle person

Another neat definition!

Thank you!

W

wrist

'wrist' (n. m. anim.): qiimt [kiːmt]

withdraw

'withdraw', 'take away', 'remove' (v.): pfv. gaast [ʁɑːst], ipfv. geest [ɣæːst], imp. agaast [ɑˈʁɑːst]

whole

'whole' (adj.): naam [nɑːm] (note 'one' nam [nɑm])

Travis B. wrote: ↑Sat Dec 14, 2024 12:34 pm'withdraw', 'take away', 'remove' (v.) . . . imp. agaast

Is this deliberate or just a coïncidence?

Man in Space wrote: ↑Sat Dec 14, 2024 3:59 pm

Travis B. wrote: ↑Sat Dec 14, 2024 12:34 pm'withdraw', 'take away', 'remove' (v.) . . . imp. agaast

Is this deliberate or just a coïncidence?

Just a coincidence.

15^th Lex: Rumor
口シァンく
Lēhcāg, Lēhcāna, Lēlehcār, Lēlehcānir
リーカㇱァン̞カゥ　/lɛːxt͡sʲɔːɣ/

• To spread a rumor
• (Transitive) To slander (smo.)

Etymology:
From PS *rīkësjāna ‘to say inside’. Perfect from *rërīkësjāna

R

river

'river' (n. m. anim.): arra [ˈɑrːɐ]

remember

'remember' (v.): pfv. faay [fɑːj], ipfv. feey [fɛːj], imp. ufay [oˈɸɑj]

relieve

'relieve' (v.): pfv. q'abeet [qʼɐˈβæːt], ipfv. q'ebeet [kʼɐˈβæːt], imp. aq'abeet [ɑqʼɐˈβæːt] from result. v. pfv. q'a-, ipfv. q'e-, imp. aq'a- + 'good' (adj.) beet [bæːt]

Let's see:

C is for Cellar

High Arrahng: yuwek, yudjak (n16) "cellar, vault"

L is for Lip

High Arrahng: balom, bardam (n03) "lip"

P is for Prestige

High Arrahng: ugunyarr, uguwirr (n02) "prestige, acclaim; predicate (grammar)"

"Arrahng" sounds like a good interjection to express catching up on Lexember.

much farther from getting caught up than in my last post but i am determined to get there! part of why it takes so long is this project in particular tends to require more research than projects not based on existing languages, and of course the process of creating one word very often requires developing related words and morphemes as well; putting a couple notes below to illustrate this

December 10: Q

queen

• Old East Slavic korolь "king" + Old East Slavic -ica feminizing suffix =>>> Early Modern Gothic kurlize [kʊrlízɛ] "queen" > Modern Gothic kurlizes [kʊrlézɨs]
• Old Gothic þiudans "king" + -ini (feminizing suffix) => Middle Gothic þiudaninja [ʒjáðaɲɛɲa] "queen, (female) leader" > Early Modern Gothic zjaðjeje [ʒæðjéjɛ] "(female) leader" > lost by Modern Gothic period
• figuring out this entry also led to: formation and development of several words for "king" or similar (Old Gothic þiudans "king" -> Modern Gothic ðjaðus "guide, boss, supervisor"; reiks "ruler, lord" -> jegs "expert, master of a given field"; káisar "emperor" -> kefsers "emperor"; Old East Slavic korolь "king" ->>> kuroujes "king"); feminine suffixes (Old Gothic -ini > -j(ej)es (only productive through Middle Gothic); Old East Slavic -ica ->>> -izes)

quaint

• Italian pittoresco "picturesque" ->>> various Central European sources ->>> Modern Gothic pitoresks [pɪtɒ́rɨsks] "picturesque; quaint, charmingly simple"

quote

• Old Gothic *bileiƕan "to borrow from" > Middle Gothic baieifan [bɛjáfan] "to borrow from" > Early Modern Gothic bejewo [bɛjévɔ] "to be in debt to" > Modern Gothic bewo [bávə] "to be in debt to, to owe to; to quote (from)"
• figuring out this entry also lead to the development of several other derivates of Old Gothic leiƕan (*afleiƕan "to lend out, loan" -> awjiwo "to lend out, loan"; *inleiƕan "to borrow" -> jiwo "to borrow"; *faúrleiƕan "to lend out, loan" -> fjewo "to extort, blackmail")

Interestingly enough, Old East Slavic korolь ultimately comes from OHG Karl, the name of Charlemagne.

16^th Lex: Glance
目ピラく
āgvireh, āgvera, āgviriver, āgvirivir
アガゥピラ̞ヵゥ　/ɔːɣbɪɾəx/

• To glance, esp. cursorily
• To miss something in front of you, to not be able to see the wood for the trees
• To look (at sth.) across something else

Etymology:
From PS *āγγëpiδa, from *āγγa ‘to see’ + *-piδa ‘through, across’

Edit: a bit late now (20/2/25), but it should be ⟨v⟩s not ⟨b⟩s