Zompist Bboard Again

• z > r V_V
• z > d / else
• ɪ e ʊ > e a ɤ
• vowels that are not contour tones shorten.
• ʑ ɕ > z s

Akôza,

certain.morning,

sûgéffu

instance~REDUP

ikûishīdide

mind.aware.INF.GEN

hnūdí

return.INF

de

COM

zûbūku

accompany.ADN

izhîh

mind

fi

CONN

bīdīh

perplex.NOM

mûl,

COM,

sakô

1SG.NOM

nîzeno.

awaken.PST

Neonnaut wrote: ↑Sat Aug 28, 2021 11:09 pm What dialect is this? Is this really wikipedia's? I see h dropping, [stɹɑŋɡɚ], <they>[ðe], rising of /æ/ in some environments, and optional elision of the voiced dental fricative after /n/. But then a pristine /o/ in <cloak>.

Rounin Ryuuji wrote: ↑Sun Aug 29, 2021 5:05 am When I say it out loud (only three lines; I think they get in most of the phonemes) it sounds a lot more like this:

The North Wind and the Sun were disputing which was the stronger, when a traveler came along wrapped in a warm cloak
[ðə ˈnɔɹθ ˌwɪ̃ːnd͜ ə̃(n) ð(ə) ˈsʌn wɚɹ dɪsˈpjʊːw.dɪŋ ˈwɪtʃ w(ə)z ð(ə) ˈstɹɒ̃ːŋɡɚɹ, wɛːn ə ˈtʰɹæː.və.lɚɹ ˌkʰɛːjm əˈlɒ̃ːŋ ˈɹæpt (ɪ)n ə ˈwɔːɹm ˈkʰlowkʰ.]

They agreed that the one who first succeeded in making the traveler take off his cloak should be considered stronger than the other.
[ðɛj əˈɡɹiːjʔ ðət ð(ə) ˈwʌn hʊw ˈfɚɹs(ʔ) səkˈsiːjdəd (ɪ)n ˈmɛjkɪ̃ŋ ðə ˈtɹæː.və.lɚɹ ˈtʰɛjkʰ ˌɒf hɪz ˈkʰlowkʰ ʃʊd bij kʰə̃(n)ˈsɪdɚɹd ˈstɹɒ̃ːŋɡɚ ð(ə)n ð(ɪ) ˈʌðɚɹ]

And at last the North Wind gave up the attempt. Then the Sun shined out warmly, and immediately the traveler took off his cloak.
[ænd͜ əʔ ˈlæst ð(ə) ˈnɔɹθ 'wɪ̃ːnʔ ˌɡɛːjv ˈʌp ð(ɪ) əˈtʰɛːmpt. ˈðɛːn ðə ˈsʌn ˈʃaːɪnd ˌaʊʔ ˈwɔːɹm.lij ənd ɪˈmiːjdʒiəʔli ð(ə) ˈtɹʰæːvlɚɹ ˈtʰʊkʰ ˌɒf hɪz ˈkʰlowkʰ.]

• ə > ʌ #_
• ɒ > ɔ
• Articles fuse with the noun they modify, /ðə/ becomes /ð/ when modifying vowel initial words.
• ə > ɛ
• ð(ə)n#, ðəːn# > ðɛ̃
• If an aspirated plosive is followed an approximant, the approximant will be voiceless. (already in effect in English today (or so I'm told).)

• {æ a} aːɪ > a̟ a̟ː
• ɚɹ ʊ > ə
• Coda [ɹ] becomes schwa

• Intervocalic [d θ] merge into [ð]; enchaining [d] also becomes [ð];
• [ʌn] > [ʌ̃ːn]; [ɪŋ] > [ɪ̃ːŋ]; [ɛːn] > [ɛ̃ːn]; [ɛːjm] > [ɛ̃im]; [əm] > [ã]
• Nasal consonants are lost after nasal vowels, other than [ŋ], which denasalises to [g];
• All of [a̟ ʌ ə] become [a]; in stressed syllables [aː], before [w], [oː]; [aa] > [aː]
• Forms of "wind" analogise to all end in [ð];
• Elsewhere, glottal stops fortify to [k] after long vowels, and disappear after short ones, lengthening them;
• Long nasal vowels [ʌ̃ː ɪ̃ː ɛ̃ː ɔ̃ː] break to [õu ɛ̃i jɛ̃ wɛ̃]; [wj] > [ɥ]
• Initial [w] > [gw];
• A new informal orthography (given in italics) begins to be used in some places.

• θ t > s ʔ /_#
• θ ð > ɬ l
• t tʰ > ʈʂ ʈʂʰ /_ɹ
• ɛj ij ow > ɛː ɪi ou / ! _V
• iː(j) oː(w) ɛː(j) > ɪi ou ɛː
• Nasality spreads across the whole syllable progressively.

• Loss of terminal [g] after nasal vowels;
• Loss of [w] after [ɹ]; [stɹ] > [ʃɹ];
• [ʔ] > [k];
• Words ending in nasal consonants are reanalysed as ending in a phantom nasal consonant rather than a historic one;
• [k(ʰ) g t(ʰ) d] > [t͡ʃ(ʰ) d͡ʒ t͡s(ʰ) d͡z] before front vowels; [k(ʰ) g] > [t͡ʃ(ʰ) d͡ʒ] also before [a];
• Loss of [w] after velars;
• Diphthong smoothing, [ɔa ou ɔːã ɪi] > [oː uː õː iː];
• Coda [p b f] vocalise to [y];
• The popular orthography is adjusted to reflect the recent changes, but the formal one remains as unalterable as ever;

• ɹ̥ ɹ z > ɻ̥ ɻ s
• ɪ > ɨ
• u(ː) > ɨ(ː) /j_
• ɥ > w
• m n ŋ > ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ / ! {_V[+nasal], V[+nasal]_}
• b d g > ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ / ! {_V[+nasal], V[+nasal]_}
• b d g > m n ŋ / {_V[+nasal], V[+nasal]_}

• v > w
• ɛː > eː
• o > ɔ
• ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ > b d g / V_V
• d͡z t͡s > d͡zʲ t͡sʲ
• Cʰ > C
• ʃɻ ʃɻ̥ > ʂɭ ʂɭ̥
• ɻ ɻ̥ > ɭ ɭ̥
• h > w̥ /_u; w > w̥ /_#
• ũ u > w /o_
• tʃ d͡ʒ > c ɟ

• Adverbial particles attach to the verb
• Up adverbial particle becomes out
• Adverb Verb Subject Object Adjective order
• They as a third person pronoun
• Indefinite articles disappear

Neonnaut wrote: ↑Thu Sep 09, 2021 5:22 am How does this look?

• Adverb Verb Subject Object order
• They as a third person pronoun

The-North Wind-and the-Sun, were disputing-they which was the-stronger, when came-along traveler wrapped in warm cloak

Agreed-they that they who first succeeded in making the-traveler take-off his cloak should be considered stronger than the-other.

And at last gave-out the-North Wind the-attempt. Then shined-out warmly the-Sun, and immediately took-off his cloak the-traveler .

• u > w /ɔ_
• w̥ > f
• ɨ > y
• {tsʲ c} {d͡zʲ ɟ} > t͡s d͡z
• h > j
• ã(ː) õ(ː) > ɔ̃(ː)
• ɛ̃ĩ ẽː > ɛ̃ː
• ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ > b d g / #_
• l > n / #_
• l l̥ ɭ̥ > r l ɭ

1. Retrogressive nasal spreading through glides and liquids; also causes prenasalisation of voiced stops
2. eː iː yː oː uː ɛu yi au → ej əj ʊj ɔw ʊw ɛw ʊj ɔw + ə before following coronal consonant
3. Cɭ → Cə̆ɭ
4. n s d͡z t͡s → ɲ ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ʃ / before palatal; Cj → C, ɟ → d͡ʒ
5. w → f / #_, _ [-voice]
6. t͡ʂ ʂ ɭ → t͡ʃ ʃ l
7. s ʃ t͡s t͡ʃ d͡z d͡ʒ → θ x s ʃ z ʒ
8. Orthographical unification and regularisation

a     a
an    ãn
ar    aː
e     ɛ
ei    ei
en    ɛ̃(n)
er    ejə
ewn   ɛ̃w̃ə̃
i     y, i
ir    əj(ə)
on    ɔ̃ː
or    ɔwə
ow    ɔw
oaw   ʊf
ui    ʊj
un    ɔ̃w
uw    ʊw
uir   ʊjə

• [ɛ] elides from the definite article; the orthography is adjusted slightly;
• [f] > [xw], or [w] in coda; initial [xw] is spelled "hw" where it was formerly "w", but this change is not otherwise noted;
• Loss of remaining prenasalisation;
• Sequences of vowel-semivowel-vowel collapse into diphthongs: [ɔwə ʊjə ə̃j̃ə̃ ejə> [ou yj ãj̃ ij]; [ʊj əj] > [yj ij], which the orthography also does not reflect.