rotting bones wrote: ↑Sun Mar 19, 2023 12:57 pm
zompist wrote: ↑Sun Mar 12, 2023 3:39 pm
Why some societies are more benign than others, and whether the benign ones can be scaled up, is precisely what their book is about.
I'm about halfway through Graeber's book. It doesn't seem to mention anything I didn't already agree with, except some details I didn't know about west coast Native Americans. While it's true that different societies go out of their way to punish different offenses, I strongly disbelieve that those have a direct relationship with the values consciously preached by the local religion/irreligion.
I can't make any sense of this, unless you are purposely defining "religion" as "the aspects of society I dislike," so that (say) Wendat values are "not religion".
To my mind, the values in Native North American societies were near-universal, strongly held, affected society in tangible ways (e.g., preventing hunger, allowing people to move across the continent), and different from European societies in ways obvious to both sides. Since they persisted over centuries, they were communicated to new generations. That
is a religion, or a belief system; if you want to put it another way that's fine, but then you are using "religion" in a different sense.
(I don't know much about Native North American cosmology or ritual, but if I'm not mistaken, the clans— the very social structures which enabled people to leave one tribe and join another far away— were ritualized. Clan identity had to be pretty strong to override normal human xenophobia.)
Humans are not only mistaken about external facts, they are habitually mistaken about the values actually held by their own society.
I'm not sure what you mean here. It's true in some obvious senses:
* If you're thinking of doctrine or national ideology, most people don't hold the official tenets. (If you invite a bunch of Christians to freely talk about Jesus, you'll probably hear every historical heresy.)
* People disagree with
other people's values.
* Per Marvin Harris, people often don't know where important facets of their own culture come from.
In the case at hand, though, the Wendat and other Native North American peoples— are you maintaining that the Wendat
did not know about their own values of freedom and equality? They seemed quite able, if they were asked, to explain exactly what they liked about their own society and what they disliked about Europeans.