Zompist Bboard Again

All low and low mid vowels could occur as nasal vowels finally and all vowels could occur as nasal vowels before a non-stop (plosive or nasal) consonant. These were allophones of vowels+nasals. For example *awtan “flower” and *ansa “to answer”

Syllable structure was CVC but very few CVC clusters were allowed other than geminates, Nasals+consonant or a rhotic tap + a consonant. Nasal+Stop clusters were also remarkably rare having assimilated to nasal geminates in all but a few recent borrowings.

Words
*isari: “king” *manni “mother” *jala “sun” *isamuɕi: “moon” *kara “fish” *jamna “yam” *wɛssi “isle” *apaɺana “archipelago” *tʲamma “demon” *pʲi:ttɔn “sweetheart” *o:co: “sweet/sugar” *nʲanʲa “paternal aunt” *cɔpi “coin” *annu “loyal” *isan “sky” *caɾu “cute” *wajtan “way” *annava “sword” *e:rrina “to love” *ma:pʲu “dog” *sʲo:na “sound” *ju:nsa “legal” *satti “safe” *vara “to triumph over” *kajrru “heart” *vɔnna “vole” *alɔpis “arctic fox” *kʷalata “wolf” *sakʷan “good” *nunni “pika” *kunlɔn “snow marten” *ʂika “cat” *ʂarru “tender/sweet” *apis “light” *ɕɛɾkʷu “to play” *maɾta “pine marten” *cuɾɾɔn “isles marten” *sʲi:sʲi: “quick” *sʲanta: “ghost” *cɛmvɛn “duck” *papis “book” *talu “pen” *cuɺʲi “buttock” *ɺati “gem” *ɺana “star” *iccon “dusk” *narra “dawn” *narri “person” *nɛɾɾi “weasel” *iɕan “sea” *palakʷu “armour” *antu “prize” *se:rɛn “peaceful” *passi “fruit” *ciɲɲu “puppy” *macca “son” *naccu “daughter” *ɳa: “snake” *ɲipi “important woman” *ɳaara “brave” *cwoɾɾan "capital city"

foxcatdog wrote: ↑Fri Apr 26, 2024 4:15 am [snip]

Could you write your phonemes not as images, which makes it very hard to list out orthographies for them?

I can do for the last one but the others have such intimidatingly large orthographies it may be a while before i get around to doing that
*m *mʲ *n *nʲ *ɳ *ɲ
*p *pʲ *t *tʲ *ʈ *c *kʷ
*s *sʲ *ʂ *ɕ
*ʋ *j *w
*ɾ
*r
*l *ɭ *ʎ
*ɺ *ɺʲ

*i *i: *u *u:
*e: *o:
*ɛ *ɛ: *ɔ *ɔ:
*a *a:

*je *wo
*aj *aw

All low and low mid vowels could occur as nasal vowels finally and all vowels could occur as nasal vowels before a non-stop (plosive or nasal) consonant. These were allophones of vowels+nasals. For example *awtan “flower” and *ansa “to answer”

Syllable structure was CVC but very few CVC clusters were allowed other than geminates, Nasals+consonant or a rhotic tap + a consonant. Nasal+Stop clusters were also remarkably rare having assimilated to nasal geminates in all but a few recent borrowings.

Words
*isari: “king” *manni “mother” *jala “sun” *isamuɕi: “moon” *kara “fish” *jamna “yam” *wɛssi “isle” *apaɺana “archipelago” *tʲamma “demon” *pʲi:ttɔn “sweetheart” *o:co: “sweet/sugar” *nʲanʲa “paternal aunt” *cɔpi “coin” *annu “loyal” *isan “sky” *caɾu “cute” *wajtan “way” *annava “sword” *e:rrina “to love” *ma:pʲu “dog” *sʲo:na “sound” *ju:nsa “legal” *satti “safe” *vara “to triumph over” *kajrru “heart” *vɔnna “vole” *alɔpis “arctic fox” *kʷalata “wolf” *sakʷan “good” *nunni “pika” *kunlɔn “snow marten” *ʂika “cat” *ʂarru “tender/sweet” *apis “light” *ɕɛɾkʷu “to play” *maɾta “pine marten” *cuɾɾɔn “isles marten” *sʲi:sʲi: “quick” *sʲanta: “ghost” *cɛmvɛn “duck” *papis “book” *talu “pen” *cuɺʲi “buttock” *ɺati “gem” *ɺana “star” *iccon “dusk” *narra “dawn” *narri “person” *nɛɾɾi “weasel” *iɕan “sea” *palakʷu “armour” *antu “prize” *se:rɛn “peaceful” *passi “fruit” *ciɲɲu “puppy” *macca “son” *naccu “daughter” *ɳa: “snake” *ɲipi “important woman” *ɳaara “brave” *cwoɾɾan "capital city"

*m *mʲ *n *nʲ *ɳ *ɲ ⟨m mj n nj nr ng⟩
*p *pʲ *t *tʲ *ʈ *c *k *kʷ ⟨p pj t tj tr c k q⟩
*s *sʲ *ʂ *ɕ ⟨s sj sr sc⟩
*ʋ *j *w ⟨v y w⟩
*ɾ ⟨d⟩
*r ⟨r⟩
*l *ɭ *ʎ ⟨l lr lg⟩
*ɺ *ɺʲ ⟨rl rlj⟩

*i *i: *u *u: ⟨i ii u uu⟩
*e: *o: ⟨ei ou⟩
*ɛ *ɛ: *ɔ *ɔ: ⟨e ee o oo⟩
*a *a: ⟨a aa⟩

*je *wo ⟨ie uo⟩
*aj *aw ⟨ai au⟩


Words
*isari: “king” *manni “mother” *jala “sun” *isamuɕi: “moon” *kara “fish” *jamna “yam” *wɛssi “isle” *apaɺana “archipelago” *tʲamma “demon” *pʲi:ttɔn “sweetheart” *o:co: “sweet/sugar” *nʲanʲa “paternal aunt” *cɔpi “coin” *annu “loyal” *isan “sky” *caɾu “cute” *wajtan “way” *annava “sword” *e:rrina “to love” *ma:pʲu “dog” *sʲo:na “sound” *ju:nsa “legal” *satti “safe” *vara “to triumph over” *kajrru “heart” *vɔnna “vole” *alɔpis “arctic fox” *kʷalata “wolf” *sakʷan “good” *nunni “pika” *kunlɔn “snow marten” *ʂika “cat” *ʂarru “tender/sweet” *apis “light” *ɕɛɾkʷu “to play” *maɾta “pine marten” *cuɾɾɔn “isles marten” *sʲi:sʲi: “quick” *sʲanta: “ghost” *cɛmvɛn “duck” *papis “book” *talu “pen” *cuɺʲi “buttock” *ɺati “gem” *ɺana “star” *iccon “dusk” *narra “dawn” *narri “person” *nɛɾɾi “weasel” *iɕan “sea” *palakʷu “armour” *antu “prize” *se:rɛn “peaceful” *passi “fruit” *ciɲɲu “puppy” *macca “son” *naccu “daughter” *ɳa: “snake” *ɲipi “important woman” *ɳaara “brave” *cwoɾɾan "capital city"

⟨isarii manni yala isamuscii kara yamna wessi aparlana tjamma pjiitton oukou njanja copi annu isan scadu waitan annava eirrina maapju sjouna yuunsa sati vara kairru vonna alopis qalata saqan nunni kunlon srika srarru apis cedqu madta cuddon sjiisjii sjantaa cemven papis talu curlji rlati rlana iccon narra narri nerri iscan palaqu antu seiren passi cinngu macca nacca nraa ngipi nraara cuoddan⟩

Seenku

Initials:
/p b t d ts dz c ɟ k g kp gb/
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋm/
/f s/
/l~r (j) w/

Major syllable nuclei:
/a ɛ ɔ e o (ɪ) ʊ i u/
/aː ɛː ɔː eː oː iː uː/
/ã ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ĩ ũ/
/ãː ɛ̃ː ĩː/
/ia iɛ iɔ ie io/
/ʊa/
/ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui/
/ɔɛ oe/
/iã iɔ̃ iɛ̃/
/uɛ̃ uɔ̃ uĩ/
/ɔ̃ɛ̃/

Toneless minor syllable nucleus:
/ə/

Coda: (may appear after either oral or nasal vowels)
/ɴ/

Tones:
/˩ ˨ ˦ ˦˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/

/i˩ lɛ˦ gu˩leɴ˥˩ bəla˩ nɛ˥ wɛ˦tənɛ˩˥ iː˩˥ a˩ buɔ˦ i˦ si˦ gũ˩ i˩ na˩˥ lɛ˩ to˥ mɛ˥ i˦ si˦i˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ kʊ˦ a˩ buɔ˥ i˥ si˥ gũ˩ || iː˩ i˥ ce˩ fã˩˥ nɛ˦ buɔ˦ kã˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˦ɟəlaɴ˥ a˦ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ a˦ a˩ ka˩ ɟio˥˩ aː˥˩ || kɛ˦ mɔ̃˩ kʊ˦ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ gu˩leɴ˥˩-bəla˩˥ || kɛ˦ a˩ kəlɛ˦bɛ˦ tsiɛ̃˥ to˨ wɛ˨ kʊ˦ nɛ˩ | ka˩fɔ˦ i˩ sĩ˩˥ a˩ kũ˥ nɛ˥ dzʊ˦ te˩ | i˦ wo˦ ka˩ a˨ dɔː˨ a˨ ɟeɴ˨ | kʊ˦ ɲa˦ a˩ nɛ˩ ŋɛ˦ ɛ˩ɛ˦ dəgɛ˨ i˩ mɔ̃˨ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ bo˦ɴ kpã˥ aː˩ bɛː˦ce˥ a˦ wo˦ fiː˥la˥a˦ gu˩ɲi˥ ɲa˦ nɛ˥ ŋɛ˦ a˦ wo˦ na˩˥ a˦ gu˩ɲi˩ tsɛ̃˥/

Nortaneous wrote: ↑Wed May 01, 2024 2:28 am Seenku

You're welcome

Initials:
/p b t d ts dz c ɟ k g kp gb/ <p b t d ti di ki gi k g ku gu>
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋm/ <m r ni n nu>
/f s/ <su s>
/l (j) w/ <l j w>

Major syllable nuclei:
/a ɛ ɔ e o (ɪ) ʊ i u/ <a c q e o x f j~i v~u> and so on for all <j v>
/aː ɛː ɔː eː oː iː uː/ <a' c' q' e' o' i' v'>
/ã ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ĩ ũ/ <ah eh oh jh vh>
/ãː ɛ̃ː ĩː/ <oh' ah' eh'>
/ia iɛ iɔ ie io/ <ja jc jo je jv>
/ʊa/ <oa>
/ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui/ <va vc vq ve vo vj>
/ɔɛ oe/ <oe oj>
/iã iɔ̃ iɛ̃/ <jah joh jeh>
/uɛ̃ uɔ̃ uĩ/ <vah voh veh>
/ɔ̃ɛ̃/ <oeh>

<ij uv> are simplified to <i u>; plain <i u> are used when not following one of <t k n s>.

Toneless minor syllable nucleus:
/ə/ <·>

Coda: (may appear after either oral or nasal vowels)
/ɴ/ <z>

Tones:
/˩ ˨ ˦ ˦˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ <aa a ā aā āa āā> (only on the grapheme representing the most sonorous part of the nucleus)

/i˩ lɛ˦ gu˩reɴ˥˩ bəla˩ nɛ˥ wɛ˦tənɛ˩˥ iː˩˥ a˩ buɔ˦ i˦ si˦ gũ˩ i˩ na˩˥ lɛ˩ to˥ mɛ˥ i˦ si˦i˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ kʊ˦ a˩ buɔ˥ i˥ si˥ gũ˩ || iː˩ i˥ ce˩ fã˩˥ nɛ˦ buɔ˦ kã˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəraɴ˦ɟəraɴ˥ a˦ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəraɴ˩ɟəraɴ˩ a˦ a˩ ka˩ ɟio˥˩ aː˥˩ || kɛ˦ mɔ̃˩ kʊ˦ cɛ˨rɛː˨ a˩ gu˩reɴ˥˩-bəla˩˥ || kɛ˦ a˩ kərɛ˦bɛ˦ tsiɛ̃˥ to˨ wɛ˨ kʊ˦ nɛ˩ | ka˩fɔ˦ i˩ sĩ˩˥ a˩ kũ˥ nɛ˥ dzʊ˦ te˩ | i˦ wo˦ ka˩ a˨ dɔː˨ a˨ ɟe˨ɴ | kʊ˦ ɲa˦ a˩ nɛ˩ ŋɛ˦ ɛ˩ɛ˦ dəgɛ˨ i˩ mɔ̃˨ cɛ˨rɛː˨ a˩ bo˦ɴ kpã˥ aː˩ bɛː˦ce˥ a˦ wo˦ fiː˥ra˥a˦ gu˩ɲi˥ ɲa˦ nɛ˥ ŋɛ˦ a˦ wo˦ na˩˥ a˦ gu˩ɲi˩ tsɛ̃˥/

I ain't writing allat
What's ith all the /r/'s? I guess they can be <ꞃ> (as punishment for not listing them above). And I'm pretending the high tones are /˦/.

Ii lc̄ gvvꞃēez b·laa nc̄ wc̄t·nc̄c̄ īī' aa buq̄ ī sj̄ gvvh nāā lcc tō mc̄ ī sj̄-ī ii ī bc̄ ii kf̄ aa buq̄ ī sj̄ guuh. etc. etc.

/p b t d ts dz c ɟ k g kp gb/ <p b t d c z ch zh k g kp gb>
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋm/ <m n ny ng ngm>
/f s/ <f s>
/l~r (j) w/ <r y w>

Major syllable nuclei:
/a ɛ ɔ e o (ɪ) ʊ i u/ <a e o ei ou (iw) w i u>
/aː ɛː ɔː eː oː iː uː/ <ah eh...>
/ã ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ĩ ũ/ <an en...>
/ãː ɛ̃ː ĩː/ <anh...>
/ia iɛ iɔ ie io/ <ia ie io ii iu>
/ʊa/ <wa>
/ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui/ <ua ue uo uei uu ui>
/ɔɛ oe/ <oe ue>
/ə/ <0>
/ɴ/ <-ng>

Tones:
/˩ ˨ ˦ ˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ <-q -j -0 -l -v -x>

/i˩ lɛ˦ gu˩leɴ˥˩ bəla˩ nɛ˥ wɛ˦tənɛ˩˥ iː˩˥ a˩ buɔ˦ i˦ si˦ gũ˩ i˩ na˩˥ lɛ˩ to˥ mɛ˥ i˦ si˦i˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ kʊ˦ a˩ buɔ˥ i˥ si˥ gũ˩ || iː˩ i˥ ce˩ fã˩˥ nɛ˦ buɔ˦ kã˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˦ɟəlaɴ˥ a˦ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ a˦ a˩ ka˩ ɟio˥˩ aː˥˩ || kɛ˦ mɔ̃˩ kʊ˦ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ gu˩leɴ˥˩-bəla˩˥ || kɛ˦ a˩ kəlɛ˦bɛ˦ tsiɛ̃˥ to˨ wɛ˨ kʊ˦ nɛ˩ | ka˩fɔ˦ i˩ sĩ˩˥ a˩ kũ˥ nɛ˥ dzʊ˦ te˩ | i˦ wo˦ ka˩ a˨ dɔː˨ a˨ ɟeɴ˨ | kʊ˦ ɲa˦ a˩ nɛ˩ ŋɛ˦ ɛ˩ɛ˦ dəgɛ˨ i˩ mɔ̃˨ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ boɴ˦ kpã˥ aː˩ bɛː˦ce˥ a˦ wo˦ fiː˥la˥a˦ gu˩ɲi˥ ɲa˦ nɛ˥ ŋɛ˦ a˦ wo˦ na˩˥ a˦ gu˩ɲi˩ tsɛ̃˥/
Iq le guqreinv braq nel wetnex ihx aq buo i si gunq iq nax req toul mel i siil iq i bel iq kw aq buol il sil gunq. Ihq il cheiq fanx ne buo kanl iq i bel iq a cheiq neqzhranzhranl a a cheiq neqzhranqzhranq a aq kaq zhiuv ahv. Ke monq kw chejrehj aq guqreinvbrax. Ke aq krebe tsienl touj wej kw neq, kaqfo iq sinx aq kunl nel dzw teiq, i wou kaq aj dohj aj zheinj, kw nya aq neq nge eqe dgej iq monj chejlehj aq bon kpanl ahq behcheil a wou fihlrala guqnyil nya nel nge a wo nax a guqnyiq tsenl.

Initials:
/p b t d ts dz c ɟ k g kp gb/ <p b t d c r z y k g q v>
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋm/ <m n j h x>
/f s/ <f s>
/l~r (j) w/ <l i w>

Major syllable nuclei:
/a ɛ ɔ e o (ɪ) ʊ i u/ <a e o eh oh ih uh i u>
/aː ɛː ɔː eː oː iː uː/ <aa ee oo eeh ooh ii uu>
/ã ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ĩ ũ/ <an en on in un>
/ãː ɛ̃ː ĩː/ <aan een iin>
/ia iɛ iɔ ie io/ <ia ie io ieh ioh>
/ʊa/ <uah>
/ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui/ <ua ue uo ueh uoh ui>
/ɔɛ oe/ <oe oeh>
/iã iɔ̃ iɛ̃/ <ian ion ien>
/uɛ̃ uɔ̃ uĩ/ <uen uon uin>
/ɔ̃ɛ̃/ <oen>

Toneless minor syllable nucleus:
/ə/ (unwritten)

Coda: (may appear after either oral or nasal vowels)
/ɴ/ <g>

Tones:
/˩ ˨ ˦ ˦˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ <am ak a at as av>

/i˩ lɛ˦ gu˩leɴ˥˩ bəla˩ nɛ˥ wɛ˦tənɛ˩˥ iː˩˥ a˩ buɔ˦ i˦ si˦ gũ˩ i˩ na˩˥ lɛ˩ to˥ mɛ˥ i˦ si˦i˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ kʊ˦ a˩ buɔ˥ i˥ si˥ gũ˩ || iː˩ i˥ ce˩ fã˩˥ nɛ˦ buɔ˦ kã˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˦ɟəlaɴ˥ a˦ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ a˦ a˩ ka˩ ɟio˥˩ aː˥˩ || kɛ˦ mɔ̃˩ kʊ˦ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ gu˩leɴ˥˩-bəla˩˥ || kɛ˦ a˩ kəlɛ˦bɛ˦ tsiɛ̃˥ to˨ wɛ˨ kʊ˦ nɛ˩ | ka˩fɔ˦ i˩ sĩ˩˥ a˩ kũ˥ nɛ˥ dzʊ˦ te˩ | i˦ wo˦ ka˩ a˨ dɔː˨ a˨ ɟeɴ˨ | kʊ˦ ɲa˦ a˩ nɛ˩ ŋɛ˦ ɛ˩ɛ˦ dəgɛ˨ i˩ mɔ̃˨ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ bo˦ɴ kpã˥ aː˩ bɛː˦ce˥ a˦ wo˦ fiː˥la˥a˦ gu˩ɲi˥ ɲa˦ nɛ˥ ŋɛ˦ a˦ wo˦ na˩˥ a˦ gu˩ɲi˩ tsɛ̃˥/

Im le gumlegs blam net we-tnev iiv am buo i si gunm im nav lem toht met i si-it im i bet im kuh am buo i si gunm. Iim it zehm fanv ne buo kant im i bet im a zehm nemylagylagt a a zehm nemylagmylagm a am kam yiohs aas. Ke moonm kuh zekleek am gumlegs-blav. Ke am klebe cient tohk wek kuh nem, kamfo im sinv am kunt net ruh tehm, i woh kam ak dook ak yehgk, kuh ja am nem he em-e dgek im monk zekleek am bog qant aam beezeht a woh fiit-lat-a gumjit ja net he a woh nav a gumjit cent.

Initials:
/p b t d ts dz c ɟ k g kp gb/ <p b t d ts dz ky gy kp gb>
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋm/ <m n ny ng ngm>
/f s/ <f s>
/l~r (j) w/ <l y w>

Major syllable nuclei:
/a ɛ ɔ e o (ɪ) ʊ i u/ <a x c e o v i u>
/aː ɛː ɔː eː oː iː uː/ <aa xx cc ee oo ii uu>
/ã ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ĩ ũ/ <an xn cn in un>
/ãː ɛ̃ː ĩː/ <aan xxn iin>
/ia iɛ iɔ ie io/ <ia ix ic ie io>
/ʊa/ <va>
/ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui/ <ua ux uc ue uo ui>
/ɔɛ oe/ <cx oe>
/iã iɔ̃ iɛ̃/ <ian icn ixn>
/uɛ̃ uɔ̃ uĩ/ <uxn ucn uin>
/ɔ̃ɛ̃/ <cxn>

Toneless minor syllable nucleus:
/ə/ <r>

Coda: (may appear after either oral or nasal vowels)
/ɴ/ <m>

Tones:
/˩ ˨ ˦ ˦˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ <a- a: a a' a` aˇ>

/i˩ lɛ˦ gu˩leɴ˥˩ bəla˩ nɛ˥ wɛ˦tənɛ˩˥ iː˩˥ a˩ buɔ˦ i˦ si˦ gũ˩ i˩ na˩˥ lɛ˩ to˥ mɛ˥ i˦ si˦i˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ kʊ˦ a˩ buɔ˥ i˥ si˥ gũ˩ || iː˩ i˥ ce˩ fã˩˥ nɛ˦ buɔ˦ kã˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˦ɟəlaɴ˥ a˦ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ a˦ a˩ ka˩ ɟio˥˩ aː˥˩ || kɛ˦ mɔ̃˩ kʊ˦ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ gu˩leɴ˥˩-bəla˩˥ || kɛ˦ a˩ kəlɛ˦bɛ˦ tsiɛ̃˥ to˨ wɛ˨ kʊ˦ nɛ˩ | ka˩fɔ˦ i˩ sĩ˩˥ a˩ kũ˥ nɛ˥ dzʊ˦ te˩ | i˦ wo˦ ka˩ a˨ dɔː˨ a˨ ɟeɴ˨ | kʊ˦ ɲa˦ a˩ nɛ˩ ŋɛ˦ ɛ˩ɛ˦ dəgɛ˨ i˩ mɔ̃˨ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ bo˦ɴ kpã˥ aː˩ bɛː˦ce˥ a˦ wo˦ fiː˥la˥a˦ gu˩ɲi˥ ɲa˦ nɛ˥ ŋɛ˦ a˦ wo˦ na˩˥ a˦ gu˩ɲi˩ tsɛ̃˥/

I- lx gulem` brla- nx' wxtrnxˇ iiˇ a- buc i si gun- i- naˇ lx- to' mx' i si.i' i- i bx' i- kv a buc' i' si' gun-. Ii- i' kye- fanˇ nx buc kan' i- i bx' i- a kye- ne-gyrlamgyrlam' a a kye- ne-gyrlam-gyrlam- a a- ka- gyio` aa`. Kx mcn- kv kyx:lxx: a- gu-lem`brlaˇ. Kx a- krlxbx tsixn' to: wx: kv nx-, ka-fc i- sinˇ a- kun' nx' dzv te-, i wo ka- a: dcc: a: gyem:. Kv nya a- nx- ngx x-x drgx: i- mon: kyx:lxx: a- bom kpan' aa- bxxkye' a wo fii'la'a gu-nyi' nya nx' ngx a wo naˇa gu-nyi- tsxn'.

swamp

/p b t d ts dz c ɟ k g kp gb/ <p b t d c z ch j k g kp gb>
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋm/ <m n ny ng ngm>
/f s/ <f s>
/l~r (j) w/ <l y w>

Major syllable nuclei:
/a ɛ ɔ e o (ɪ) ʊ i u/ <a x q e o (y) v i u>
/aː ɛː ɔː eː oː iː uː/ <aa xx...>
/ã ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ĩ ũ/ <an xn...>
/ãː ɛ̃ː ĩː/ <anh...>
/ia iɛ iɔ ie io/ <ia ix iq ie io>
/ʊa/ <va>
/ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui/ <ua ux uq ue uo ui>
/ɔɛ oe/ <qx oe>
/ə/ <0>
/ɴ/ <-ng>

Tones:
/˩ ˨ ˦ ˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ <-p -l -0 -t -f -z>

/#i/ <yi>

/i˩ lɛ˦ gu˩leɴ˥˩ bəla˩ nɛ˥ wɛ˦tənɛ˩˥ iː˩˥ a˩ buɔ˦ i˦ si˦ gũ˩ i˩ na˩˥ lɛ˩ to˥ mɛ˥ i˦ si˦i˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ kʊ˦ a˩ buɔ˥ i˥ si˥ gũ˩ || iː˩ i˥ ce˩ fã˩˥ nɛ˦ buɔ˦ kã˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˦ɟəlaɴ˥ a˦ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ a˦ a˩ ka˩ ɟio˥˩ aː˥˩ || kɛ˦ mɔ̃˩ kʊ˦ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ gu˩leɴ˥˩-bəla˩˥ || kɛ˦ a˩ kəlɛ˦bɛ˦ tsiɛ̃˥ to˨ wɛ˨ kʊ˦ nɛ˩ | ka˩fɔ˦ i˩ sĩ˩˥ a˩ kũ˥ nɛ˥ dzʊ˦ te˩ | i˦ wo˦ ka˩ a˨ dɔː˨ a˨ ɟeɴ˨ | kʊ˦ ɲa˦ a˩ nɛ˩ ŋɛ˦ ɛ˩ɛ˦ dəgɛ˨ i˩ mɔ̃˨ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ bo˦ɴ kpã˥ aː˩ bɛː˦ce˥ a˦ wo˦ fiː˥la˥a˦ gu˩ɲi˥ ɲa˦ nɛ˥ ŋɛ˦ a˦ wo˦ na˩˥ a˦ gu˩ɲi˩ tsɛ̃˥/
Yip lx gup·lengf blap nxt wx·tnxz iiz ap buql yi si gunp yip naz lxp tot mxt yi si·yit yip yi bxt yip kv ap buqt yit sit gunp. Yiip yit chep fanz nx buq kant yip yi bxt yip a chep nxp·jlang·jlangt a a chep nxp·jlangp·jlangp a ap kap jiof aaf. Kx mqnp kv chxl·lxxl ap gup·lengf·blaz. Kx ap klx·bx cixnt tol wxl kv nxp, kap·fq yip sinz ap kunt nxt zv tep, yi wo kap al dqql al jengl, kv nya ap nxp ngx xp·x dgxl yip mqnl chxl·lxxl ap bong kpant aap bxx·chet a wo fiit·lat·a gup·nyit nya nxt ngx a wo naz a gup·nyip cxnt.

Initials:
/p b t d ts dz c ɟ k g kp gb/ <p b t d ts dz c j k g kp gb>
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋm/ <m n ny ŋ ŋm>
/f s/ <f s>
/l~r (j) w/ <l y w>

Major syllable nuclei:
/a ɛ ɔ e o (ɪ) ʊ i u/ <a ɛ ɔ e o ø i u>
/aː ɛː ɔː eː oː iː uː/ <aa ɛɛ ɔɔ ee oo ii uu>
/ã ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ĩ ũ/ <an ɛn ɔn in un>
/ãː ɛ̃ː ĩː/ <aan ɛɛn iin>
/ia iɛ iɔ ie io/ <ia iɛ iɔ ie io>
/ʊa/ <øa>
/ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui/ <ua uɛ uɔ ue uo ui>
/ɔɛ oe/ <ɔɛ oe>
/iã iɔ̃ iɛ̃/ <ia iɔn iɛn>
/uɛ̃ uɔ̃ uĩ/ <uɛn uɔn uin>
/ɔ̃ɛ̃/ <ɔɛn>

Toneless minor syllable nucleus:
/ə/ (unwritten)

Coda: (may appear after either oral or nasal vowels)
/ɴ/ <ŋ>

Tones:
/˩ ˨ ˦ ˦˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ (unwritten)

/i˩ lɛ˦ gu˩leɴ˥˩ bəla˩ nɛ˥ wɛ˦tənɛ˩˥ iː˩˥ a˩ buɔ˦ i˦ si˦ gũ˩ i˩ na˩˥ lɛ˩ to˥ mɛ˥ i˦ si˦i˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ kʊ˦ a˩ buɔ˥ i˥ si˥ gũ˩ || iː˩ i˥ ce˩ fã˩˥ nɛ˦ buɔ˦ kã˥ i˩ i˦ bɛ˥ i˩ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˦ɟəlaɴ˥ a˦ a˦ ce˩ nɛ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ɟəlaɴ˩ a˦ a˩ ka˩ ɟio˥˩ aː˥˩ || kɛ˦ mɔ̃˩ kʊ˦ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ gu˩leɴ˥˩-bəla˩˥ || kɛ˦ a˩ kəlɛ˦bɛ˦ tsiɛ̃˥ to˨ wɛ˨ kʊ˦ nɛ˩ | ka˩fɔ˦ i˩ sĩ˩˥ a˩ kũ˥ nɛ˥ dzʊ˦ te˩ | i˦ wo˦ ka˩ a˨ dɔː˨ a˨ ɟeɴ˨ | kʊ˦ ɲa˦ a˩ nɛ˩ ŋɛ˦ ɛ˩ɛ˦ dəgɛ˨ i˩ mɔ̃˨ cɛ˨lɛː˨ a˩ bo˦ɴ kpã˥ aː˩ bɛː˦ce˥ a˦ wo˦ fiː˥la˥a˦ gu˩ɲi˥ ɲa˦ nɛ˥ ŋɛ˦ a˦ wo˦ na˩˥ a˦ gu˩ɲi˩ tsɛ̃˥/

I lɛ guleŋ bla nɛ wɛtnɛ ii a buɔ i si gun i na lɛ to mɛ i sii i i bɛ i kø a buɔ i si gun. Ii i ce fan nɛ buɔ kan i i bɛ i a ce nɛjlaŋjlaŋ a a ce nɛjlaŋjlaŋ a a ka jio aa. Kɛ mɔn kø cɛlɛɛ a guleŋ-bla. Kɛ a klɛbɛ tsiɛn to wɛ kø nɛ, kafɔ i sin a kun nɛ dzø te, i wo ka a dɔɔ a jeŋ, kø nya a nɛ ŋɛ ɛɛ dgɛ i mɔn cɛlɛɛ a boŋ kpan aa bɛɛce a wo fiilaa gunyi na nɛ ŋɛ a wo na a gunyi tsɛn.

Lower Xumi

/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ g q qʰ ɢʁ/
/ts tsʰ dz (tʂʰ tʂ dʐ) tʃ tʃʰ dʒ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ/
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ̥ ɲ ŋ̥ ŋ/
/s z ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ x ɣ ʁ h ɦ/
/w ɹ j
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ/
[ɸ β χ] (from juncture-dependent lenition of /pʰ b qʰ/)

Retroflex affricates appear in Tibetan loanwords.
Velar and uvular stops only contrast before /ɐ u ʉ o/. Only uvular stops appear before /ɑ/; only velar stops appear before front vowels.
Postalveolar and alveolopalatal affricates don't contrast before /i ɛ/ and are rare before back vowels.
/ʃ ʒ/ only appear before central vowels and /ɹ̩/.
/ɦ/ only appears before /õ ã/.
Intervocalic /pʰ b dz dʒ dʑ tɕʰ kʰ g qʰ/ can lenite to [ɸ β z ʒ ʑ ɕ x ɣ χ]. This probably depends on juncture.

/a jɛ ɐ e o i ʉ u ɹ̩/
/ã ɐ̃ ɛ̃ (ə̃) õ ĩ/

Tones:
/˥ ˩˥/ in monosyllables
/˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ in polysyllables

/tɕʰike˩˥ ine˥˩ ɬ̥e˥ ɲi | ɲɐmi˥˩ ɲɐko˩˥ | ɲi˥ χa tʂɑji˩˥ tsʰelo˥˩ pɐɬowɛ̃ji˥ || tsʰelo˥˩ pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥ ʎɐ.ɹ̩˥ | tɐ˥ | hĩ˥ dʑĩ˩˥ tɐ˥ patɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥ || hĩ˥ tʰiɹ̩˥ tʰɐno˩˥ ɲi˥ gu˥ negu˥˩ ʎɐdʑipʰʉ˩˥ dɐʁo˩˥ pɐʎowɛ̃ji ʎɐɹ̩˥ | l̥eɹ̩˥ ɹuβɐseɹ̩˥ ɬepetɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥/

swamp again

/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ g q qʰ ɢʁ/ <b p bb d t dd g k gg gh kh ggh>
/ts tsʰ dz (tʂʰ tʂ dʐ) tʃ tʃʰ dʒ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ/ <z c zz zr cr zzr zh ch zzh j cc jj>
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ̥ ɲ ŋ̥ ŋ/ <hm m hn n hni ni hng ng>
/s z ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ x ɣ ʁ h ɦ/ <s ss sh ssh x xx v vv rr h hh>
/w ɹ j/ <w r y>
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ/ <hl l hli li>
[ɸ β χ] <p b kh>

/a jɛ ɐ e o i ʉ u ɹ̩/ <a x q e o i v u y>
/ã ɐ̃ ɛ̃ (ə̃) õ ĩ/ <an...>

Tones:
/˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ <0 f j>

/tɕʰike˩˥ ine˥˩ l̥e˥ ɲi | ɲɐmi˥˩ ɲɐko˩˥ | ɲi˥ xa tʂɑji˩˥ tsʰelo˥˩ pɐɬowɛ̃ji˥ || tsʰelo˥˩ pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥ ʎɐ.ɹ̩˥ | tɐ˥ | hĩ˥ dʑĩ˩˥ tɐ˥ patɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥ || hĩ˥ tʰiɹ̩˥ tʰɐno˩˥ ɲi˥ gu˥ negu˥˩ ʎɐdʑipʰʉ˩˥ dɐʁo˩˥ pɐʎowɛ̃ji ʎɐɹ̩˥ | l̥eɹ̩˥ ɹuβɐseɹ̩˥ ɬepetɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥/
Ccigej inef hle ni, niqmif niqgo, ni va zrayij celof bqhlowxnyi. Celof bqhlowxnyi liqy, dq, hin jjinj dq bacconliowxnyi. Hin tiy tqnoj ni ggu negguf liqjjipvj ddqrroj bqhlowxnyi liqy, hley rubqsey hlebecconliowxnyi.

Medial and Initial Consonants
*m *n
*p~w *t~ɾ *k~j

Medial only consonants
*l *ŋ

Initial only pulmonic consonants
*dz *dɮ *dʒ *ɟʎ *gɣ
*ts *tɬ *tʃ *cʎ *kx
*tsʰ *tɬʰ *tʃʰ *cʎʰ *kxʰ
*z
*s

Clicks
*ŋʘ *ŋǀ *ŋǁ *ŋǃ *ŋǂ
*ŋʘh *ŋǀh *ŋǁh *ŋǃh *ŋǂh
*ŋʘʔ *ŋǀʔ *ŋǁʔ *ŋǃʔ *ŋǂʔ
*kʘ *kǀ *kǁ *kǃ *kǂ
*kʘh *kǀh *kǁh *kǃh *kǂh
*kʘʔ *kǀʔ *kǁʔ *kǃʔ *kǂʔ
*gʘ *gǀ *gǁ *gǃ *gǂ

Vowels
Initial Vowels
*i *u
*e *o
*ɛ *ɔ
*a

Non-initial vowels
*i *u
*a

Not meant to be a human language

*m *n *ŋ
*mʲ *nʲ *ŋʲ
*p *t *k
*s *s̃
*sʲ *s̃ʲ
*w̃ *j̃

*i *u
*e *o
*ɛ *ɔ
*a

Lower Xumi

Consonants:

/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ g q qʰ ɢʁ/ ⟨p ph b t th d k kh g q qh ǥ⟩
/ts tsʰ dz (tʂʰ tʂ dʐ) tʃ tʃʰ dʒ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ/ ⟨ts tsh dz (tŝh tŝ dẑ) c ch j c(i) ch(i) j(i)⟩
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ̥ ɲ ŋ̥ ŋ/ ⟨mh m nh n ñh ñ ŋh ŋ⟩
/s z ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ x ɣ ʁ h ɦ/ ⟨s z ŝ ẑ ś ź x gh rh h f⟩
/w ɹ j/ ⟨w r y⟩
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ/ ⟨lh l llh ll⟩
[ɸ β χ] ⟨ph b qh⟩

Vowels:

/a jɛ ɐ e o i ʉ u ɹ̩/ ⟨v ie a e o i ụ u ṛ⟩
/ã ɐ̃ ɛ̃ (ə̃) õ ĩ/ ⟨ṽ ã ẽ ũ õ ĩ⟩

Tones:

Monosyllables: /˥ ˩˥/ ⟨V V̀⟩
Polysyllables: /˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ ⟨V VV̀ V̀V⟩, with diacritic only on first or last vowel
Note: /Ṽ˩/ is written as ⟨V̂⟩.

/tɕʰike˩˥ ine˥˩ ɬ̥e˥ ɲi | ɲɐmi˥˩ ɲɐko˩˥ | ɲi˥ χa tʂɑji˩˥ tsʰelo˥˩ pɐɬowɛ̃ji˥ || tsʰelo˥˩ pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥ ʎɐ.ɹ̩˥ | tɐ˥ | hĩ˥ dʑĩ˩˥ tɐ˥ patɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥ || hĩ˥ tʰiɹ̩˥ tʰɐno˩˥ ɲi˥ gu˥ negu˥˩ ʎɐdʑipʰʉ˩˥ dɐʁo˩˥ pɐʎowɛ̃ji ʎɐɹ̩˥ | l̥eɹ̩˥ ɹuβɐseɹ̩˥ ɬepetɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥/

Chìke inẽ lhe ñi, ñamì ñàko, ñi qhv tŝhàyi tshelò palhowẽyi. Tshelò pallowẽyi llaṛ, ta, hĩ jî ta pvchiõllowẽyi. Hĩ thiṛ thàno ñi gu negù llàjiphụ dàrho pallowẽyi llaṛ, lheṛ rubaseṛ lhepechiõllowẽyi.

(Note: assuming the one instance of /ɑ/ is actually /ɐ/.)


foxcatdog’s language 1

Pulmonic consonants:

/m n ŋ l/ ⟨m n ng l⟩
/p~w t~ɾ k~j/ ⟨b d g⟩
/dz dɮ dʒ ɟʎ gɣ/ ⟨dh dl j jl gh⟩
/ts tɬ tʃ cʎ kx/ ⟨t tl c cl k⟩
/tsʰ tɬʰ tʃʰ cʎʰ kxʰ/ ⟨th tlh ch clh kh⟩
/s z/ ⟨s z⟩

Click consonants:

/ŋʘ ŋǀ ŋǁ ŋǃ ŋǂ/ ⟨nʘ nǀ nǁ nǃ nǂ⟩
/ŋʘh ŋǀh ŋǁh ŋǃh ŋǂh/ ⟨nʘh nǀh nǁh nǃh nǂh⟩
/ŋʘʔ ŋǀʔ ŋǁʔ ŋǃʔ ŋǂʔ/ ⟨nʘʼ nǀʼ nǁʼ nǃʼ nǂʼ⟩
/kʘ kǀ kǁ kǃ kǂ/ ⟨ʘ ǀ ǁ ǃ ǂ⟩
/kʘh kǀh kǁh kǃh kǂh/ ⟨ʘh ǀh ǁh ǃh ǂh⟩
/kʘʔ kǀʔ kǁʔ kǃʔ kǂʔ/ ⟨ʘʼ ǀʼ ǁʼ ǃʼ ǂʼ⟩
/gʘ gǀ gǁ gǃ gǂ/ ⟨gʘ gǀ gǁ gǃ gǂ⟩

Vowels:

/i u e o ɛ ɔ a/ ⟨i u e o ɛ ɔ a⟩


foxcatdog’s language 2:

Consonants:

/m n ŋ/ ⟨m n g⟩
/mʲ nʲ ŋʲ/ ⟨mj nj gj⟩
/p t k/ ⟨p t k⟩
/s s̃/ ⟨s z⟩
/sʲ s̃ʲ/ ⟨sj zj⟩
/w̃ j̃/ ⟨w y⟩

Vowels:

/i u e o ɛ ɔ a/ ⟨i u ej oj e o a⟩

/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ g q qʰ ɢʁ/ <p ph b t th d k kh g q qh gh>
/ts tsʰ dz (tʂʰ tʂ dʐ) tʃ tʃʰ dʒ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ/ <ts ths dz tr thr dr c ch j ky khy gy>
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ̥ ɲ ŋ̥ ŋ/ <mh m nh n nhy ny ngh ng>
/s z ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ x ɣ ʁ h ɦ/ <s z shr zhr sh zh x xh rh h hn>
/w ɹ j/ <w r y>
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ/ <lh l lhy ly>
[ɸ β χ] (from juncture-dependent lenition of /pʰ b qʰ/)

Alveolopalatal affricates are written as postalveolar before front vowels. /ʃɹ̩ ʒɹ̩/ are written <shr zhr>.

/a ɑ jɛ ɐ e o i ʉ u ɹ̩/ <aa oa ie a e o i v u r>
/ã ɐ̃ ɛ̃ (ə̃) õ ĩ/ <aan an en vn on in>

Tones:
/˥ ˩˥/ in monosyllables <a a:>
/˥ ˥˩ ˩˥/ in polysyllables <a ah a:>

/tɕʰike˩˥ ine˥˩ ɬ̥e˥ ɲi | ɲɐmi˥˩ ɲɐko˩˥ | ɲi˥ χa tʂɑji˩˥ tsʰelo˥˩ pɐɬowɛ̃ji˥ || tsʰelo˥˩ pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥ ʎɐ.ɹ̩˥ | tɐ˥ | hĩ˥ dʑĩ˩˥ tɐ˥ patɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥ || hĩ˥ tʰiɹ̩˥ tʰɐno˩˥ ɲi˥ gu˥ negu˥˩ ʎɐdʑipʰʉ˩˥ dɐʁo˩˥ pɐʎowɛ̃ji ʎɐɹ̩˥ | l̥eɹ̩˥ ɹuβɐseɹ̩˥ ɬepetɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥/

Chike: ineh lhe nyi, nyamih nyako:, nyi qhaa troayi: thseloh palhowenyi. Thseloh palyowenyi lyar, ta, hin jin: ta paakhyonlyowenyi. Hin thir thano: nyi gu negu lyajiphv: darho: palyowenyi lyar, lher rubaser lhepekhyonlyowenyi.

*m *n
*mʲ *nʲ
*p *k
*pʲ *kʲ
*ts
*s *ʃ
*l *l̃
*w̃ *w *j̃ *j

*ĩ *ũ
*ẽ *õ
*ɛ̃ *ɔ̃
*ã

*e *o
*a

foxcatdog wrote: ↑Mon May 13, 2024 10:36 pm *m *n
*mʲ *nʲ
*p *k
*pʲ *kʲ
*ts
*s *ʃ
*l *l̃
*w̃ *w *j̃ *j

*ĩ *ũ
*ẽ *õ
*ɛ̃ *ɔ̃
*ã

*e *o
*a

I assume this is from one of your conlangs (since practically no language has more nasalized monophthongs than un-nasalized monophthongs).

I mean the previous example had no non-nasal vowels at all i just didn't post the fact because it might have weirded people out.