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The Leha thread
Posted: Thu May 09, 2019 9:14 pm
by Travis B.
I have decided to create an alphabet-lang for my 48 hours of conlanging. The following is the set of consonant phonemes:
| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular |
Nasals | m | n | | | | |
Plosives | b~p ⟨b⟩ | d~t ⟨d⟩ | dʒ~tʃ ⟨j⟩ | | g~k ⟨g⟩ | |
Ejectives | pʼ ⟨p⟩ | tʼ ⟨t⟩ | tʃʼ ⟨c⟩ | | kʼ ⟨k⟩ | qʼ ⟨q⟩ |
Voiced fricatives | v | z | | | | |
Voiceless fricatives | f | s | ʃ ⟨x⟩ | | x ⟨h⟩ | |
Liquids | | r l | | | | |
Semivowels | w | | | j ⟨y⟩ | | |
Plosives are voiced when between any of vowels, semivowels, or nasals, and are otherwise voiceless.
The following is the set of vowel phonemes:
| Front | Back |
Close | i | u |
Mid-close | | o |
Mid-open | ɛ ⟨e⟩ | |
Open | | ɑ ⟨a⟩ |
Both consonants and vowels can be long or short, without any other change in quality; length is marked orthographically by doubling the letter signifying the consonant or vowel.
Re: The Leha thread
Posted: Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
by Travis B.
Leha is a nominative-accusative direct-inverse language with a 2 > 1 > 3, named > unnamed, human / god / force of nature > non-human animate > inanimate, and topical > non-topical person/animacy/topicality hierarchy.
Leha has a topic-comment word order, with the topic coming first followed by the comment, which may include either the subject or the direct object, along with the indirect object and any oblique arguments.
Within the comment the verb complex comes first, followed by the subject or direct object, followed by the indirect object, followed by any oblique objects.
The verb complex consists of:
- The verb stem
- The applicative voice marker (-(a)t)
- The causative voice marker (-hi)
- The reflexive voice marker (-le)
- The passive voice marker (-da)
- The negative marker (-(o)w)
Any modal marker (ability -law, possibility -(a)y, requirement -(i)k, obligation -ca)
- The negative marker, for modals (-(o)w)
- The prohibitive marker (-(i)lu)
- Any tense/aspect marker (past perfective -na, past imperfective -(e)r, future -(a)w)
- Number agreement (plural subject -(i)n, plural direct object -te, plural both -he)
- Any evidential marker (egophoric -ye, direct knowledge -jo, reportative -hu, deductive -(i)m, dubitative -zi, assumption -(o)b)
- 1st person agreement (-tu)
- 2nd person agreement (-ya)
- Duplicate person agreement (-re)
- The inverse marker (-(w)i)
- The attributive marker (-(n)e)
Note that a verb agrees simultaneously with its subject and its direct object, but does not distinguish which it is agreeing with; the plural marker is marked if either argument is plural, and both the 1st and the 2nd person markers may mark if either argument is 1st or 2nd person. The duplicate person marker marks if both the subject and direct object are either 1st or 2nd person; note that it is not used for 3rd person arguments.
Nouns have the following morphology:
- The noun stem
- The plural marker (-(r)i)
- The plural possessor marker (-(a)d)
- Any possessor person marker (1st -(u)h, 2nd -(a)ya, 3rd -(a)n)
There are the following independent pronouns:
| Singular | Plural |
1st | naxa | lige |
2nd | toovi | jeh |
3rd | wa | muun |
There are the following relational nouns:
Top | xoom |
Bottom | yeh |
Front | rab |
Back | mika |
Inside | paha |
Outside | riin |
Surface | lun |
Above | fikka |
Below | weet |
In front | hewa |
In back | pol |
Possessors follow possessees, and attributive relative clauses follow the nouns they qualify.
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Fri May 10, 2019 2:58 am
by Xwtek
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 9:14 pm
I have decided to create an alphabet-lang for my 48 hours of conlanging. The following is the set of consonant phonemes:
| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular |
Nasals | m | n | | | | |
Plosives | b~p ⟨b⟩ | d~t ⟨d⟩ | dʒ~tʃ ⟨j⟩ | | g~k ⟨g⟩ | |
Ejectives | pʼ ⟨p⟩ | tʼ ⟨t⟩ | tʃʼ ⟨c⟩ | | kʼ ⟨k⟩ | qʼ ⟨q⟩ |
Voiced fricatives | v | z | | | ɣ ⟨x⟩ | |
Voiceless fricatives | f | s | | | x ⟨h⟩ | |
Liquids | | r l | | | | |
Semivowels | w | | | j ⟨y⟩ | | |
Plosives are voiced when between any of vowels, semivowels, or nasals, and are otherwise voiceless.
The following is the set of vowel phonemes:
| Front | Back |
Close | i | u |
Mid-close | | o |
Mid-open | ɛ ⟨e⟩ | |
Open | | ɑ ⟨a⟩ |
Both consonants and vowels can be long or short, without any other change in quality; length is marked orthographically by doubling the letter signifying the consonant or vowel.
Well the phoneme inventory is pretty standard. But Phonotactics?
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
Within the comment the verb complex comes first, followed by the subject or direct object, followed by the indirect object, then followed by an applicative object, followed by any adposition objects.
Applicative object? Isn't applicative voice turn an indirect object into a direct object?
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
The verb complex consists of:
- The verb stem
- The applicative marker (-(h)am)
- Any voice marker other than applicative (passive -da, reflexive -le, causative -hi)
- Any tense/aspect marker (past perfective -na, past imperfective -roh, future -(a)w)
- Number agreement (plural -(i)n)
- Any evidential marker (egophoric -ye, direct knowledge -jo, reportative -hu, deductive -(i)m, dubitative -zi, assumption -(o)b)
- 1st person agreement (-tu)
- 2nd person agreement (-ya)
- Duplicate person agreement (-re)
- The inverse marker (-(w)i)
Note that a verb agrees simultaneously with its subject and its direct object, but does not distinguish which it is agreeing with; the plural marker is marked if either argument is plural, and both the 1st and the 2nd person markers may mark if either argument is 1st or 2nd person. The duplicate person marker marks if both the subject and direct object are either 1st or 2nd person; note that it is not used for 3rd person arguments.
The "Duplicate person agreement" is just reflexive voice in any other language. Also in any other languages that contrast direct-inverse mark 1>2 by DIR and 2>1 by INV.
I'm also not a fan of a language where person and number affixes are separate. (Edit: yikes, I ended up speaking the exact opposite of what I thought)
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
Nouns have the following morphology:
- The noun stem
- The plural marker (-(r)i)
- The plural possessor marker (-(a)d)
- Any possessor person marker (1st -(u)h, 2nd -(a)ya, 3rd -(a)n)
Why is this nominative-accussative, then.
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Fri May 10, 2019 1:04 pm
by Travis B.
Akangka wrote: ↑Fri May 10, 2019 2:58 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 9:14 pm
I have decided to create an alphabet-lang for my 48 hours of conlanging. The following is the set of consonant phonemes:
| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular |
Nasals | m | n | | | | |
Plosives | b~p ⟨b⟩ | d~t ⟨d⟩ | dʒ~tʃ ⟨j⟩ | | g~k ⟨g⟩ | |
Ejectives | pʼ ⟨p⟩ | tʼ ⟨t⟩ | tʃʼ ⟨c⟩ | | kʼ ⟨k⟩ | qʼ ⟨q⟩ |
Voiced fricatives | v | z | | | ɣ ⟨x⟩ | |
Voiceless fricatives | f | s | | | x ⟨h⟩ | |
Liquids | | r l | | | | |
Semivowels | w | | | j ⟨y⟩ | | |
Plosives are voiced when between any of vowels, semivowels, or nasals, and are otherwise voiceless.
The following is the set of vowel phonemes:
| Front | Back |
Close | i | u |
Mid-close | | o |
Mid-open | ɛ ⟨e⟩ | |
Open | | ɑ ⟨a⟩ |
Both consonants and vowels can be long or short, without any other change in quality; length is marked orthographically by doubling the letter signifying the consonant or vowel.
Well the phoneme inventory is pretty standard. But Phonotactics?
The phonotactics are basically that all syllables are CV(:)(C), with intervocalic consonant clusters being permitted rather freely (not initial and final consonant clusters being disallowed).
Akangka wrote: ↑Fri May 10, 2019 2:58 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
Within the comment the verb complex comes first, followed by the subject or direct object, followed by the indirect object, then followed by an applicative object, followed by any adposition objects.
Applicative object? Isn't applicative voice turn an indirect object into a direct object?
You are right; I am changing that.
Akangka wrote: ↑Fri May 10, 2019 2:58 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
The verb complex consists of:
- The verb stem
- The applicative marker (-(h)am)
- Any voice marker other than applicative (passive -da, reflexive -le, causative -hi)
- Any tense/aspect marker (past perfective -na, past imperfective -roh, future -(a)w)
- Number agreement (plural -(i)n)
- Any evidential marker (egophoric -ye, direct knowledge -jo, reportative -hu, deductive -(i)m, dubitative -zi, assumption -(o)b)
- 1st person agreement (-tu)
- 2nd person agreement (-ya)
- Duplicate person agreement (-re)
- The inverse marker (-(w)i)
Note that a verb agrees simultaneously with its subject and its direct object, but does not distinguish which it is agreeing with; the plural marker is marked if either argument is plural, and both the 1st and the 2nd person markers may mark if either argument is 1st or 2nd person. The duplicate person marker marks if both the subject and direct object are either 1st or 2nd person; note that it is not used for 3rd person arguments.
The "Duplicate person agreement" is just reflexive voice in any other language. Also in any other languages that contrast direct-inverse mark 1>2 by DIR and 2>1 by INV.
I'm also not a fan of a language where person and number affixes are not separate.
Duplicate person agreement is for when a singular 1st person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 1st person subject or direct object, or a singular 2nd person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 2nd person subject or direct object.
Akangka wrote: ↑Fri May 10, 2019 2:58 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
Nouns have the following morphology:
- The noun stem
- The plural marker (-(r)i)
- The plural possessor marker (-(a)d)
- Any possessor person marker (1st -(u)h, 2nd -(a)ya, 3rd -(a)n)
Why is this nominative-accussative, then.
This is nominative-accusative because there is a passive voice and no antipassive voice; a transitive verb can be turned into an intransitive verb taking just a subject by omitting the direct object.
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Fri May 10, 2019 2:06 pm
by Travis B.
Actually, applicatives can be applied to both intransitive and transitive verbs, and they may turn transitive verbs into ditransitive verbs, as I had previously thought.
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Sat May 11, 2019 11:54 am
by Travis B.
Adjectives are not distinguishable from stative verbs, and follow what they qualify (which are their subjects, anyhow). In effect, all attributive "adjectives" form relative clauses.
Relative clauses mark relativized subjects and direct objects with gaps (and distinguishes the two with direct-inverse marking, because in transitive relative clauses the noun qualified is always higher on the hierarchy than the other argument) and with full personal pronouns for other arguments.
As could probably be gathered above, there is no grammatical gender and there are two numbers. However, there is an animacy distinction as applies to the person/animacy/topicality hierarchy.
There are three moods, indicative, imperative, and jussive. Imperative mood is expressed with the bare verb stem and no subject (it is only second person). Jussive mood is expressed by putting the verb first in the sentence, followed by the subject, either as a full pronoun or as a noun phrase.
Clauses are nominalized by preceding them with the particle
se, and are often preceded by a noun which it qualifies (with it formally being a possessor). By this subordinating is expressed.
Interrogative sentences are expressed by placing noun phrases qualified by interrogative stative verbs in them, without changing the word order. There are two interrogative stative verbs:
any of an NP | ha |
one of a set of an NP | hen |
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Sat May 11, 2019 12:53 pm
by Travis B.
Here are some basic verbs:
existential be | mi |
equational be | gaa |
be required | nan |
be supposed to be | lig |
be possible | tuu |
be able | hey |
be for (dative, benefactive) | we |
do with (instrumental) | bew |
along with (comitative) | ver |
go | le |
go to (allative) | ni |
come | nom |
come from (ablative) | tor |
be like | sal |
sit (locative) | ja |
stand | teen |
lay/lie | soh |
conditional | faw |
at (time) | deey |
walk | xuu |
run | kaaw |
jump | ro |
dive | pixe |
see, look | jaa |
hear, listen | sey |
live | fahi |
die | riid |
live somewhere, inhabit | bee |
rise | vin |
fall | nat |
roll | doo |
push | qun |
pull | xolla |
drag | qiiwa |
throw | selda |
dig | vixa |
burrow | nolle |
fly | tambi |
cover | site |
bury | wadde |
plant | yoodu |
give birth | laaxa |
grow | wiya |
find | gav |
lead | bose |
follow | new |
hunt | lixe |
ride | xaw |
leave behind | jeeh |
enter | baqa |
exit, leave | dow |
return | joo |
know | neya |
understand | rih |
remember | yova |
forget | binne |
forgive | wigu |
trespass | rehhu |
tempt | fibba |
rescue | celli |
say | kam |
speak | qaxe |
start, begin | hal |
stop | maa |
end, finish | sewa |
eat | zo |
drink | sirre |
bite | voxu |
taste | rasba |
smell | not |
hold | niiva |
give | linu |
take | dur |
get | wara |
put | rimo |
carry | xiqe |
borrow | zehi |
steal | laax |
make, create, build | fiya |
burn | rozu |
cook | misu |
extinguish | haafa |
smoke, smolder | geta |
scare | duul |
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Sat May 11, 2019 5:03 pm
by Travis B.
The following are a number of stative verbs:
be good | nuh |
be bad | jow |
be new, be young | gaa |
be old | ye |
be big, be great | sak |
be small, be little | ci |
be close | xiye |
be far | monne |
be high | difa |
be low | naaw |
be in the middle | yon |
be much/many | leey |
be less/few | dila |
be first | reen |
be last | mot |
be previous | rixa |
be next | zooh |
be cold | tegi |
be cool | xalla |
be warm | nipa |
be bright | lesu |
be dark | gab |
be shiny | hirra |
be dull | woxe |
be thick | yeete |
be thin | liive |
be wide | nimma |
be narrow | lawi |
be soft | nifa |
be hard | taara |
be smooth | salle |
be rough | xota |
be sticky | vuuni |
be flat | vaana |
be hilly, be curvy | toom |
be male | pefa |
be female | nak |
be holy | say |
be red, be orange, be pink | fay |
be yellow, be gold | wesde |
be green | kiva |
be light blue, be cyan | lopa |
be dark blue, be purplish-blue | ruxi |
be violet, be magenta | siine |
be white | voona |
be gray, be silver | sey |
be black | dalle |
be brown | howa |
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Sat May 11, 2019 7:12 pm
by Travis B.
The following are some nouns:
thing | qa |
place | suu |
time | paa |
piece | xaay |
idea | hey |
method | raw |
reason | loog |
will | nuza |
person | jaar |
man | yod |
woman | re |
child | noha |
boy | fawe |
girl | sab |
baby | niqe |
mother | maas |
father | doh |
son | diya |
daughter | now |
brother | varu |
sister | lera |
maternal grandmother | yallo |
maternal grandfather | tuuna |
paternal grandmother | xoru |
paternal grandfather | reka |
maternal aunt | nisda |
maternal uncle | lohe |
paternal aunt | miine |
paternal uncle | ruti |
house | yize |
name | vora |
word | laza |
sentence | reqa |
language, tongue | soq |
24 hours | qus |
daytime | laag |
nighttime | nele |
food | moot |
water | veele |
ice | ciba |
steam, vapor | najo |
soil | nuni |
rock | dike |
sand | may |
clay | winna |
wood | lixe |
bone | gimma |
straw | noba |
mud | nadde |
dust | taf |
ash | rooza |
fire | mahe |
smoke | siga |
air | lesi |
earth, ground | kahha |
sky | guse |
land, country | rega |
sun | hat |
moon | bihe |
cloud | neeva |
rain | rulle |
fog | banna |
animal | fey |
plant | riit |
tree | kad |
grass | honne |
shrub | loon |
flower | ruum |
seed | zose |
leaf | kaji |
stem | callu |
root | laxa |
branch | wok |
stick | giva |
bud | voola |
nut | fiwo |
grain | haaw |
fruit | nille |
vegetable | depu |
meat | xara |
bread | ville |
head of cattle | lirdu |
horse | raare |
goat | sola |
sheep | juuni |
mouse | coow |
rat | lax |
rabbit | roha |
squirrel | qaam |
dog | handa |
cat | disse |
wolf | sel |
fox | hizu |
bear | waalu |
deer | siba |
moose | nin |
bird | fice |
chicken | yindu |
duck | laahe |
goose | siq |
sparrow | zava |
crow, raven | riha |
finch | kaxi |
swan | meda |
grouse | riige |
pheasant | weeti |
hawk | sefa |
eagle | tiza |
falcon | miigu |
vulture | wenko |
frog, toad | vaala |
lizard | hofa |
snake | risbe |
turtle | luhda |
salamander | bizu |
fish | sooza |
shovel | vezu |
spade | naw |
hoe | faadi |
saw | met |
hammer | giko |
nail | talda |
candle | qolle |
mill | ves |
wall | lanne |
wheel | kab |
wagon | vella |
chariot | riita |
saddle | somba |
stirrup | ton |
shoe | sera |
shirt, blouse | piga |
pants | lab |
skirt | yek |
socks | maya |
dress | bille |
cloth | goya |
wool | habbe |
leather | sotu |
thread | viqa |
string | runna |
wax | ven |
fat | lag |
feather | lasde |
fur | vaaw |
skin, hide | lun |
claw | low |
beak | wox |
power | conne |
glory | qeba |
color | visdu |
red, orange, pink | fay |
yellow, gold | wesde |
green | kiva |
light blue, cyan | lopa |
dark blue, purplish-blue | ruxi |
violet, magenta | siine |
white | voona |
gray, silver | sey |
black | dal |
brown | howa |
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Sun May 12, 2019 10:37 am
by Xwtek
Travis B. wrote: ↑Fri May 10, 2019 1:04 pm
Duplicate person agreement is for when a singular 1st person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 1st person subject or direct object, or a singular 2nd person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 2nd person subject or direct object.
I have never heard of such languages.
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
This is nominative-accusative because there is a passive voice and no antipassive voice; a transitive verb can be turned into an intransitive verb taking just a subject by omitting the direct object.
Nope. Burushaski is an ergative language with passive voice instead of antipassive.
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Sun May 12, 2019 12:15 pm
by Travis B.
Akangka wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 10:37 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Fri May 10, 2019 1:04 pm
Duplicate person agreement is for when a singular 1st person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 1st person subject or direct object, or a singular 2nd person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 2nd person subject or direct object.
I have never heard of such languages.
"I got us a new computer." (i.e. two 1st person core arguments without being reflexive)
If you know of a better way of expressing this unambiguously without using full personal pronouns, let me know.
Akangka wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 10:37 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Thu May 09, 2019 10:46 pm
This is nominative-accusative because there is a passive voice and no antipassive voice; a transitive verb can be turned into an intransitive verb taking just a subject by omitting the direct object.
Nope. Burushaski is an ergative language with passive voice instead of antipassive.
It must be ergative in terms of case usage or agreement then. However, a major feature of many ergative languages is that if one reduces the valence of a normally transitive verb by one without otherwise changing the verb one effectively passivizes the verb. Conversely, a major feature of many accusative languages is that if one reduces the valence of a normally transitive verb by one without otherwise changing the verb one effectively antipassivizes the verb.
Re: The Leha thread
Posted: Sun May 12, 2019 4:52 pm
by Travis B.
Here are some determiners (these form a category in that they can function both as formally stative verbs and as pronouns):
proximal demonstrative | sa |
distal demonstrative | vod |
any | me |
some | lah |
all | yuu |
every, each | naw |
Here are some adverbs:
comparative | baan |
superlative | gaw |
Re: The Leha thread
Posted: Sun May 12, 2019 7:21 pm
by Travis B.
Here are some basic coordinating conjunctions:
Re: The Leha thread
Posted: Sun May 12, 2019 7:46 pm
by Travis B.
Here are some example sentences:
Tiza zorohjo.
eagle eat-PST.IPFV-DIR
"(I saw that) the eagle was eating."
Tiza zorohjo risbe.
eagle eat-PST.IPFV-DIR snake
"(I saw that) the eagle was eating a snake."
Risbe zodanahu.
snake eat-PASS-PST.PFV-REP
"(I heard that) the snake was eaten."
Risbe zonahuwi tiza.
snake eat-PST.PFV-REP-INV eagle
"(I heard that) the snake was eaten by an eagle."
Tiza riidhinam risbe
eagle die-CAUS-PST.PFV-DED snake
"(I deduced that) the eagle had killed the snake."
Risbe riidhinami tiza.
snake die-CAUS-PST.PFV-DED-INV eagle
"(I deduced that) the eagle had killed the snake."
Risbe ci voxunajo tiza sak.
snake small bite-PST.PFV-DIR eagle big
"(I saw that) the little snake bit the big eagle."
Tiza jatjo kad.
eagle sit-APPL-DIR tree
"(I see that) the eagle is sitting in a tree."
Risbe niivahuwi tiza jat kad.
snake hold-REP-INV eagle sit-APPL tree
"(I hear that) the snake is being held by an eagle sitting in a tree."
Re: The Leha thread
Posted: Sun May 12, 2019 11:20 pm
by Travis B.
There are formally no adpositions, rather verbs take up this role. The role of attributive adpositions is simply taken up by verbs such as ni "go to (allative)" and we "be for (benefactive)". The role of non-attributive adpositions is taken up by applicatives and serial verb constructions. Note that serial verbs are normally distinguished from relative clauses because serial verbs are placed directly after the main verb, before the non-topical core argument.
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Mon May 13, 2019 6:17 am
by Xwtek
Travis B. wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 12:15 pm
Akangka wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 10:37 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Fri May 10, 2019 1:04 pm
Duplicate person agreement is for when a singular 1st person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 1st person subject or direct object, or a singular 2nd person subject or direct object is paired with a plural 2nd person subject or direct object.
I have never heard of such languages.
"I got us a new computer." (i.e. two 1st person core arguments without being reflexive)
Doesn't sound grammatical to me.
Travis B. wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 12:15 pm
If you know of a better way of expressing this unambiguously without using full personal pronouns, let me know.
You don't, unless you're going to make a logical language.
Re: The Leha thread
Posted: Mon May 13, 2019 6:21 am
by Xwtek
Also, isn't direct knowledge egophoric?
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Mon May 13, 2019 8:00 am
by Vijay
Akangka wrote: ↑Mon May 13, 2019 6:17 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 12:15 pm
Akangka wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 10:37 am
I have never heard of such languages.
"I got us a new computer." (i.e. two 1st person core arguments without being reflexive)
Doesn't sound grammatical to me.
It is in English.
Re: The Leha thread
Posted: Mon May 13, 2019 9:33 am
by Travis B.
Akangka wrote: ↑Mon May 13, 2019 6:21 am
Also, isn't direct knowledge egophoric?
The difference is that direct knowledge here means that someone observed something external, whereas something being egophoric means one knows something due to one's direct personal participation in it. I could have worded it differently.
Re: Leha scratchpad
Posted: Mon May 13, 2019 11:02 am
by Travis B.
Vijay wrote: ↑Mon May 13, 2019 8:00 am
Akangka wrote: ↑Mon May 13, 2019 6:17 am
Travis B. wrote: ↑Sun May 12, 2019 12:15 pm
"I got us a new computer." (i.e. two 1st person core arguments without being reflexive)
Doesn't sound grammatical to me.
It is in English.
I just realized that isn't the best example because "us" here is an indirect object rather than a direct object.
A better example is "I drew us", where one is drawing a picture of a group including oneself.