Alternate Orthographies
Posted: Tue Aug 13, 2019 6:01 pm
Basically alternate orthographies or transcription systems for various languages. This is not a serious proposal thread, but more of seeing how phonological and lexical communication can be altered yet still function. Unlike the romanization game, you can pick whatcha want to do. Just be sure to show a sample and label the language you are messing with.
Without further ado, here's my attempt at sorta-Gaelicizing Manx orthography:
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I'm not going to explain how Manx phonology works for this. Words are spelled as dictated by the rules below, rather than a perfect reinstatement of Middle Gaelic.
Vowels
The vowels are a bit more distorted from Middle Gaelic, so i'm gonna start from scratch to make it Gaelicized.
/a a:~ø: E E: I I: O O: U U: @~ø/ are treated as broad variants of /æ æ:~E: e e: i i: o o: u u: 1/; all respectively. The lineup is normally spelled <a á e é i í o ó u ú>, and shwa is spelled u(i) (broad before) or i(o) (slender before) at the beginning or end of words, and not spelled elsewhere. <a á o ó u ú> normally broaden the surrounding consonant(s), while <i í> normally slenderize the surround the surrounding consonants; but <e é> slenderize preceding consonants and broaden the postceding ones.
<a á o ó u ú> become <ia iá io ió iu iú> to indicate slenderized consonants before.
<a á e é o ó u ú> become <ai ái uei uéi oi ói ui úi> to indicate slenderized consonants after.
<a á e é o ó u ú> become <iai iái ei éi ioi iói iui iúi> to indicated slenderized consonants surrounding.
<e é í> become <uei uéi uí> to indicate broad consonants before.
<í> becomes <ío> to indicate broad consonants after.
<e é í> become <ue ué uío> to indicate broad consonants surrounding.
the polyphthongs /ai au ei ei~i: eu øi oi au~o: i@ iu ui/ are spelled <aí au eí (i)ái eu uoí oí ou ía iu úí>.
the /E:~I:~M:/ when broad after, /i:/ when slender after polyphthong is spelled <ao> and <aoi>, in the respective situations.
the /ø:~M:~U:/ when broad after, /y:~i:/ when slender after polyphthong is spelled <uo> and <uoi>, in the respective situations.
Neither the <ao> nor the <uo> vowel slenderizes the preceding consonants.
Doubled vowel letters function as alternatives for the respective vowel acute accent'd.
Consonants
All consonants except /v h/ adopt a broadening-slenderizing paradigm indicated by the vowels above and change pronunciation according to the chart below
/n~n' N~n' t~tS d~dZ k c g J\ s~S z~Z x~ç G~j l~l' r~r'/ n
<-gh -ght> are respelled <ch cht>; jeeragh, hoght :arrow: díorach, hocht
<c qu wh Cw> are respelled <c cuV chuV CuV>; kione, queig, bwee :arrow: cioun, cueig, buí
Slenderizing letters are NOT added back to initial <m(h)- p(h)- b(h)- f(h)- v-> due to the loss of the slender labials.
Silent <-e> is removed and words respelled to accomodate vowel length, shwa sound, and palatalization.
Silent <h> is removed from words where it doesn't change the pronounciation of the preceding letter.tholtan > toltan
<sh çh/tçh j/dj> become slender variants of <s t d>; shassoo, çhengey, padjer :arrow: siású, tengi, paidr
With the exception of <tt cc/ ck> representing /d g/ rather than /D G/, all spelled doubled consonants become singular; baatey :arrow: báide, but peccah > paiccy
<z> is added in words where original <s> is pronounced /z~Z/ rather than /s~S/. If an <s> is between vowels in a root word, it does not become <z>; likewise with <v> for <f>.
Initial Mutations
Initial mutations do not affect <l r n ng v z h>. I don't think vowel h-adding exists as an initial mutation in Manx.
Aspirate lenition makes the consonant or first consonant in a cluster take a spelled <h>, rather than the spelling of the changed sound.
Nasalizing lenition makes the consonant take the letter normally representing the changed sound before the mutated letter, rather than respell the letter to match the changed sound. Labials and /s d~dZ g~J\/ didn't get nasalized in Late Former Manx.
Sample
Tá dach úili phéach roguit suér as corm aíns ardcheím as ciart.
Ren dío fuoíltacha resún as cúinsians urrú as bu chéir dau imirci richéili mur brárachun.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
----
There are some gaps, and i am distrustful of my translation and the one for the UN mission statemnent i found on Omniglot; but i hope this gets the job done.
Without further ado, here's my attempt at sorta-Gaelicizing Manx orthography:
----
I'm not going to explain how Manx phonology works for this. Words are spelled as dictated by the rules below, rather than a perfect reinstatement of Middle Gaelic.
Vowels
The vowels are a bit more distorted from Middle Gaelic, so i'm gonna start from scratch to make it Gaelicized.
/a a:~ø: E E: I I: O O: U U: @~ø/ are treated as broad variants of /æ æ:~E: e e: i i: o o: u u: 1/; all respectively. The lineup is normally spelled <a á e é i í o ó u ú>, and shwa is spelled u(i) (broad before) or i(o) (slender before) at the beginning or end of words, and not spelled elsewhere. <a á o ó u ú> normally broaden the surrounding consonant(s), while <i í> normally slenderize the surround the surrounding consonants; but <e é> slenderize preceding consonants and broaden the postceding ones.
<a á o ó u ú> become <ia iá io ió iu iú> to indicate slenderized consonants before.
<a á e é o ó u ú> become <ai ái uei uéi oi ói ui úi> to indicate slenderized consonants after.
<a á e é o ó u ú> become <iai iái ei éi ioi iói iui iúi> to indicated slenderized consonants surrounding.
<e é í> become <uei uéi uí> to indicate broad consonants before.
<í> becomes <ío> to indicate broad consonants after.
<e é í> become <ue ué uío> to indicate broad consonants surrounding.
the polyphthongs /ai au ei ei~i: eu øi oi au~o: i@ iu ui/ are spelled <aí au eí (i)ái eu uoí oí ou ía iu úí>.
the /E:~I:~M:/ when broad after, /i:/ when slender after polyphthong is spelled <ao> and <aoi>, in the respective situations.
the /ø:~M:~U:/ when broad after, /y:~i:/ when slender after polyphthong is spelled <uo> and <uoi>, in the respective situations.
Neither the <ao> nor the <uo> vowel slenderizes the preceding consonants.
Doubled vowel letters function as alternatives for the respective vowel acute accent'd.
Consonants
All consonants except /v h/ adopt a broadening-slenderizing paradigm indicated by the vowels above and change pronunciation according to the chart below
/n~n' N~n' t~tS d~dZ k c g J\ s~S z~Z x~ç G~j l~l' r~r'/ n
<-gh -ght> are respelled <ch cht>; jeeragh, hoght :arrow: díorach, hocht
<c qu wh Cw> are respelled <c cuV chuV CuV>; kione, queig, bwee :arrow: cioun, cueig, buí
Slenderizing letters are NOT added back to initial <m(h)- p(h)- b(h)- f(h)- v-> due to the loss of the slender labials.
Silent <-e> is removed and words respelled to accomodate vowel length, shwa sound, and palatalization.
Silent <h> is removed from words where it doesn't change the pronounciation of the preceding letter.tholtan > toltan
<sh çh/tçh j/dj> become slender variants of <s t d>; shassoo, çhengey, padjer :arrow: siású, tengi, paidr
With the exception of <tt cc/ ck> representing /d g/ rather than /D G/, all spelled doubled consonants become singular; baatey :arrow: báide, but peccah > paiccy
<z> is added in words where original <s> is pronounced /z~Z/ rather than /s~S/. If an <s> is between vowels in a root word, it does not become <z>; likewise with <v> for <f>.
Initial Mutations
Initial mutations do not affect <l r n ng v z h>. I don't think vowel h-adding exists as an initial mutation in Manx.
Aspirate lenition makes the consonant or first consonant in a cluster take a spelled <h>, rather than the spelling of the changed sound.
Nasalizing lenition makes the consonant take the letter normally representing the changed sound before the mutated letter, rather than respell the letter to match the changed sound. Labials and /s d~dZ g~J\/ didn't get nasalized in Late Former Manx.
Sample
Tá dach úili phéach roguit suér as corm aíns ardcheím as ciart.
Ren dío fuoíltacha resún as cúinsians urrú as bu chéir dau imirci richéili mur brárachun.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
----
There are some gaps, and i am distrustful of my translation and the one for the UN mission statemnent i found on Omniglot; but i hope this gets the job done.