Romanization Challenge Thread v2.0

[dhok]

Min Nan (Teochew dialect)

Initials
/p pʰ b t tʰ ts tsʰ k kʰ g/
/m n ŋ/
/s dz~z h̃ h/
/l/

Zero is also a permissible initial.

Finals (really medial + final)
/a ja wa/
/ã jã wã/
/aʔ jaʔ waʔ/
/am jam wam/
/aŋ jaŋ waŋ/
/ap jap wap/
/ak jak wak/

/e we ẽ wẽ eʔ weʔ eŋ ek/
/o jo jõ oʔ joʔ oŋ joŋ ok jok/
/ɨ ɨ̃ əŋ ək/
/i ĩ iʔ im iŋ ip ik/
/u uŋ uk/
/aj waj ãj wãj/
/aw ãw awʔ/
/õj ojʔ/
/ow õw jow/
/uj ũj/
/iw ĩw/
/ṃ ṇ/ (syllabic)

The tonal system of Late Middle Chinese is for the most part maintained. There are six phonemic tones in syllables not ending in a /p k ʔ/: /3 52 213 5 35 1/. In checked syllables ending in /p k ʔ/, this is reduced to two: /2 4/.


-------------------

Possible solution:

/p pʰ b t tʰ ts tsʰ k kʰ g/ <b p v d t z c g k x>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/s dz~z h̃ h/ <s j nh h>
/l/ <l>

/a ja wa/ <a ya wa>
/ã jã wã/ <an yan wan>
/aʔ jaʔ waʔ/ <aq yaq waq>
/am jam wam/ <am yam wam>
/aŋ jaŋ waŋ/ <ang yang wang>
/ap jap wap/ <ap yap wap>
/ak jak wak/ <ak yak wak>

/e we ẽ wẽ eʔ weʔ eŋ ek/ <e we en wen eq weq eng ek>
/o jo jõ oʔ joʔ oŋ joŋ ok jok/ <o yo yon oq yoq ong yong ok yok>
/ɨ ɨ̃ əŋ ək/ <u un ung uk>
/i ĩ iʔ im iŋ ip ik/ <i in iq im ing ip ik>
/u uŋ uk/ <uu uun uung uuk>
/aj waj ãj wãj/ <ai wai ain wain>
/aw ãw awʔ/ <au aun auq>
/õj ojʔ/ <oin oiq>
/ow õw jow/ <ou oun you>
/uj ũj/ <uui uuin>
/iw ĩw/ <iu iun>
/ṃ ṇ/ (syllabic) <em enn> (because there is no /-em/ rhyme, the <e> can carry a tone mark. There is an /-ẽ/ rhyme written <-en>, so the doubling distinguishes.)

/a3 a52 a213 a5 a35 a1/ <a â ǎ ā á à>
/ak2 ak4/ <ak āk>

[bradrn]

Min Nan (Teochew dialect)

Initials
/p pʰ b t tʰ ts tsʰ k kʰ g/ ⟨p ph b t th c ch k kh g⟩
/m n ŋ/ ⟨m n ng⟩
/s dz~z h̃ h/ ⟨s z hn h⟩
/l/ ⟨l⟩

Zero is also a permissible initial. ⟨no letter⟩

Finals (really medial + final)
/a ja wa/ ⟨a ya wa⟩
/ã jã wã/ ⟨an yan wan⟩
/aʔ jaʔ waʔ/ ⟨aq yaq waq⟩
/am jam wam/ ⟨am yam wam⟩
/aŋ jaŋ waŋ/ ⟨ang yang wang⟩
/ap jap wap/ ⟨ap yap wap⟩
/ak jak wak/ ⟨ak yak wak⟩

/e we ẽ wẽ eʔ weʔ eŋ ek/ ⟨e we en wen eq weq eng ek⟩
/o jo jõ oʔ joʔ oŋ joŋ ok jok/ ⟨o yo yon oq yoq ong yong ok yok⟩
/ɨ ɨ̃ əŋ ək/ ⟨y yn yng yk⟩
/i ĩ iʔ im iŋ ip ik/ ⟨i in iq im ing ip ik⟩
/u uŋ uk/ ⟨u ung uk⟩
/aj waj ãj wãj/ ⟨ay way ayn wayn⟩
/aw ãw awʔ/ ⟨aw awn awq⟩
/õj ojʔ/ ⟨oyn oyq⟩
/ow õw jow/ ⟨ow own yow⟩
/uj ũj/ ⟨uy uyn⟩
/iw ĩw/ ⟨iw iwn⟩
/ṃ ṇ/ ⟨m n⟩

Unchecked tones: /3 52 213 5 35 1/ ⟨a à ǎ ā á a̱⟩
Checked tones: /2 4/ ⟨àp áp⟩

Alternately, if you like tone letters:
/3 52 213 5 35 1/ ⟨a aƨ aз aч aƽ aƅ⟩ or ⟨a az aj ax al ah⟩
/2 4/ ⟨ab ap⟩ when the syllable ends in /p/, ⟨ag ak⟩ when the syllable ends in /k/, ⟨ah aq⟩ when the syllable ends in /ʔ/

You don’t happen to have a sample text, do you? I’d like to see what this looks like in practise…

[Arelvustẃ Zaveʒiyu]

A challenge just 'cause this has been on my mind!

/pʰ b tʰ ɖ qʰ ʔ/
/t͡ɬ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ q͡χ/
/v ʂ x ɣ/
/m n ŋ/
/w r l j/
/ɑ ɛ ɪ o u/

If this looks familiar, it should. Curious to see what we can accomplish without a cApItAl LeTtErS aBoMiNaTiOn.

[bradrn]

A challenge just 'cause this has been on my mind!

/pʰ b tʰ ɖ qʰ ʔ/
/t͡ɬ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ q͡χ/
/v ʂ x ɣ/
/m n ŋ/
/w r l j/
/ɑ ɛ ɪ o u/

If this looks familiar, it should. Curious to see what we can accomplish without a cApItAl LeTtErS aBoMiNaTiOn.

Let me try:

⟨p b t d k `/ˊ/ˇ/ʼ⟩
⟨x c j q⟩
⟨v s g h⟩
⟨m n ñ⟩
⟨w r l y⟩
⟨a e i o u⟩

The glottal stop is written as:

• V̀, when before a vowel
• V́C, when after a vowel
• CV̌C, when there are two glottal stops on either side of a vowel
• VʼV, when between two vowels

Sample sentences (from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klingon_l ... _sentences):
/t͡ɬɪŋɑn xol ɖɑd͡ʒɑt͡ɬʔɑʔ/
⟨xiñan gol dajaxǎ⟩

/xɛɣluʔmɛx q͡χɑq͡χ d͡ʒɑd͡ʒvɑm/
⟨gehlúmeg qaq jajvam⟩

And two from http://www.klingonwiki.net/En/18KlingonPhrases:

/tʰɛrɑʔŋɑn ʂod͡ʒ lud͡ʒɑbʔɑʔ/
⟨teráñan soj lujabǎ⟩

/ɖot͡ʃvɛt͡ɬ vɪnɛx/
⟨docvex vineg⟩

[quinterbeck]

Min Nan (Teochew dialect)

Initials
/p pʰ b t tʰ ts tsʰ k kʰ g/ ⟨p ph b t th c ch k kh g⟩
/m n ŋ/ ⟨m n ng⟩
/s dz~z h̃ h/ ⟨s z hn h⟩
/l/ ⟨l⟩

Zero is also a permissible initial. ⟨no letter⟩

Finals (really medial + final)
/a ja wa/ ⟨a ya wa⟩
/ã jã wã/ ⟨an yan wan⟩
/aʔ jaʔ waʔ/ ⟨at yat wat⟩
/am jam wam/ ⟨am yam wam⟩
/aŋ jaŋ waŋ/ ⟨ang yang wang⟩
/ap jap wap/ ⟨ap yap wap⟩
/ak jak wak/ ⟨ak yak wak⟩

/e we ẽ wẽ eʔ weʔ eŋ ek/ ⟨e we en wen et wet eng ek⟩
/o jo jõ oʔ joʔ oŋ joŋ ok jok/ ⟨o yo yon ot yot ong yong ok yok⟩
/ɨ ɨ̃ əŋ ək/ ⟨yi yin ying yik⟩ or ⟨ye yen yeng yek⟩ interchangeably (even ⟨ikk⟩ or ⟨ekk⟩ for /ək/)
/i ĩ iʔ im iŋ ip ik/ ⟨i in it im ing ip ik⟩
/u uŋ uk/ ⟨u ung uk⟩
/aj waj ãj wãj/ ⟨ai wai ain wain⟩
/aw ãw awʔ/ ⟨au aun aut⟩
/õj ojʔ/ ⟨oin oit⟩
/ow õw jow/ ⟨ou oun you⟩
/uj ũj/ ⟨ui uin⟩
/iw ĩw/ ⟨iu iun⟩
/ṃ ṇ/ ⟨emm enn⟩

Tones
Unchecked: /3 52 213 5 35 1/ ⟨ā â a á ă à⟩
Checked: /2 4/ ⟨a á⟩

That's a grapheme set of 19 base letters and 5 tone diacritics.

[Nortaneous]

/pʰ b tʰ ɖ qʰ ʔ/ <p b t d k ʼ>
/t͡ɬ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ q͡χ/ <c č j q>
/v ʂ x ɣ/ <v s h g>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ŋ>
/w r l j/ <w r l y>
/ɑ ɛ ɪ o u/ <a e i o u>

'Ej wa' hol wa' qič je ko' naq. 'Ej kas: čanvo' leŋdiʼ, Sinar yosdak hud beq lutu', 'ej nadev ludab. 'Ej jacčuq čah: ha', nagmey dičenmohnis ʼej dimeqnisčuʼ. ʼEj somvad nagmey huhvad lam je lugaj. ʼEj jac čah: haʼ, veŋ kačkuv je wičenmohkaŋ ʼej čaldak sičjaj yordaj. Mahvad poŋ manobkaŋ, teraʼ naq gordak magomhaʼbeʼmeh. ʼEj veŋ kačkuv, čenmohtaʼbog teraʼŋan pukpuʼ, legmeh čol qun. ʼEj jac qun: toh, waʼ nug čah, ʼej waʼ hol lugajtah čah, ʼej biʼres neh ʼoh dočvamʼeʼ. ʼEj dah čahvad kithaʼ luvaŋ lunehbog pag. Toh, mačoljaj ʼej holčaj mamismohmeh, yajʼeglahbeʼmeh. Vaj paʼvoʼ teraʼ naq gordak gomhaʼ qun, ʼej vaŋ lučenmohčuʼqoʼ. Waniʼvammoʼ Babel ʼoh poŋdajʼeʼ, paʼdak teraʼ naq hol mismohpuʼmoʼ qun, ʼej paʼvoʼ teraʼ naq gordak gomhaʼpuʼ qun.

[bradrn]

After seeing Nortaneous’s transcription of the Tower of Babel story, I decided to try use it to test my romanization:

Èj wá gol wá qic je qó naq. Èj kas: canvó leñdí, Sinar yosdak gud beq lutú, èj nadev ludab. Èj jaxcuk cag: gá, nahmey dicenmognis èj dimeqniscú. Èj somvad nahmey gugvad lam je luhaj. Èj jax cag: gá, veñ kackuv je wicenmogkañ èj caldak sicjaj yordaj. Magvad poñ manobkañ, terá naq hordak mahomgábémeg. Èj veñ kackuv, cenmogtáboh teráñan pukpú, lehmeg col qun. Èj jax qun: tog, wá nuh cah, èj wá gol luhajtag cag, èj bíres neg òg docvamě. Èj dag cagvad kitgá luvañ lunegboh pah. Tog, macoljaj èj golcaj mamismogmeg, yajèhlagbémeg. Vak pávó terá naq hordak homgá qun, èj vañ lucenmogcúqó. Wanívammó Babel òg poñdajě, pádak terá naq gol mismogpúmó qun, èj pávó terá naq hordak homgápú qun.

Earlier I was looking for a nice long-form text to test out my romanization with; thanks for finding this one Nortaneous! (For reference, I used the version as provided by Omniglot.)

For comparison, here’s the original orthography:

'ej wa' Hol wa' QIch je qo' naQ. 'ej qaS: chanvo' lengDI', SInar yoSDaq HuD beQ lutu', 'ej naDev luDab. 'ej jatlhchuq chaH: Ha', naghmey DIchenmoHnIS 'ej DImeQnISchu'. 'ej SomvaD naghmey HuHvaD lam je lughaj. 'ej jatlh chaH: Ha', veng qachquv je wIchenmoHqang 'ej chalDaq SIchjaj yorDaj. maHvaD pong manobqang, tera' naQ ghorDaq maghomHa'be'meH. 'ej veng qachquv, chenmoHta'bogh tera'ngan puqpu', leghmeH chol Qun. 'ej jatlh Qun: toH, wa' nugh chaH, 'ej wa' Hol lughajtaH chaH, 'ej bI'reS neH 'oH Dochvam'e'. 'ej DaH chaHvaD qItHa' luvang luneHbogh pagh. toH, macholjaj 'ej Holchaj mamISmoHmeH, yaj'eghlaHbe'meH. vaj pa'vo' tera' naQ ghorDaq ghomHa' Qun, 'ej vang luchenmoHchu'Qo'. wanI'vammo' babel 'oH pongDaj'e', pa'Daq tera' naQ Hol mISmoHpu'mo' Qun, 'ej pa'vo' tera' naQ ghorDaq ghomHa'pu' Qun.

[Yalensky]

Since we're on the subject, I thought I'd link this old thread from a year ago dedicated to new transliterations of Klingon.

Interestingly, Nort's romanization in this thread differs slightly from the one they made last August. Did you forget about the old one or did you make a conscious retooling?

My own romanization is on the second page of the linked thread, though I'll repeat it here:

/p b t ɖ q ʔ/ <p b t d q '>
/tɬ tʃ dʒ/ <tlh ch j>
/v ʂ x ɣ qχ/ <v sh kh gh qh>
/l r/ <l r>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/w y/ < w y>

/ɪ ɛ a u o/ <i e a o u>

IPA: qaʂtaxvɪʂ waʔ ram loʂ ʂaɖ xuɣ ʂɪdʒlax qɛtboɣ loɖ.
Okrand: qaStaHvIS wa' ram loS SaD Hugh SIjlaH qetbogh loD.
mine: qashtakhvish wa' ram losh shad khugh shijlakh qetbogh lod.

[Nortaneous]

Interestingly, Nort's romanization in this thread differs slightly from the one they made last August. Did you forget about the old one

yes

[Karch]

/bentʂ˦non˦/ <Bēntrnōn>

/p t ʦ tʂ ʧ k ʔ/ <f t c tr ch k '~∅>
/pʼ tʼ ʦʼ tʂʼ ʧʼ kʼ/ <p th j v tch q>
/b d ɡ/ <b d g>
/m n/ <m n>
/s ʂ ʃ h/ <s x sh h>
/z ʐ ʒ/ <z xh zh>
/r/ <r>
/l j/ <l y>

/i e a o u/ <i e a o u>
/ja/ can be analyzed as one nucleus. /m/ and /n/ can be syllabic. (written <əm ən> when tone-bearing or when needed for disambiguation)

/a˩ a˨ a˧ a˦ a˥ a˨˧/ <â à a ā á aa>

/ʂo˦ngam˦ gah˦/
/nu˦ do˧dn̩˥ ma˧t'a˧ga˨ ʔa˧ʦi˧ ʔa˩ʃta˦m̩˨˧, ʔu˨ʂn̩˥ ma˧t'a˧ga˨ k'a˩jʦ'a˨ ʔa˧ʦa˨ ʔa˩ʃtu˨ʂi˧, ʔe˧rji˥sku˨ʂi˧ ʔa˩ʧa˨sn̩˧su˨e˧. ʔu˨ʂn̩˥ na˦sa˨ ʂong˦ bu˧kji˥sku˨ʂi˧, ha˨˧rk'an˦ ji˧si˧ ʔa˩ʧa˧sna˦sa˧n̩˥ be˦k'n̩˧su˨e˧/

Xōngām gāh
Nū dodə́n mathagà aci âshtāmm, ùxə́n mathagà qâyjà acà âshtùxi, eryískùxi âchàsənsue, ùxə́n nāsà xōng bukyískùxi, haarqān yisi âchasnāsaə́n bēqə́nsùe.

[Karch]

Qiang as my conlang Mhra:
/p t ts tʂ tɕ k q/ <p t ts ṭ c k q>
/pʰ tʰ tsʰ tʂʰ tɕʰ kʰ qʰ/ <ph th tsh ṭh ch kh qh>
/b d dz dʐ dʑ g/ <b d dz ḍ j g>
/ɸ s ʂ ɕ x χ h/ <f s ṣ š x x̣ h>
/v z ʐ ʁ ɦ/ <v z ẓ ɣ ḥ>
/ɬ l/ <lh l>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n ñ ŋ>
/a aː ɑ ɑː e eː ə o oː i iː y yː u uː/ <ä ää a aa e ee ə o oo i ii ü üü u uu>
/ia iɑ ie iu ya ye au eu əu ai ei əi oi ua uɑ ue uə ui iau uəi uɑi/ + length contrast (maybe only in diphthongs?)
<iä ia ie iu üä üe äu eu əu äi ei əi oi uä ua ue uə ui iäu uəi uai>
all vowels and {di|tri}phthongs contrast for r-coloring <Vr>

Possible initial/final consonant clusters:
ʂ + p t tɕ k q b d g m dʑ
x + tʂ tɕ d dʐ dʑ k s ʂ z ʐ ɬ l
χ + tʂ q d dʐ dʑ s ʂ z ɬ l n ɲ
/ʂ x χ/ all voice before a voiced consonant, /ʂ/ = [s] before /t d/ and [ɕ] before /pi pe bi tɕ dʑ/

(note: where the original text uses <w>, I've used <u> + syllable break. it also has <j> but that can't be /i/ so I'm assuming it's /ɕ/)

qe:˞ ŋuətu tsisatʂu ɕəzi ŋuəkəi.uɑ, tsisatʂu ɕəzi ŋuəkəitu, sa.uleːtɕteːŋuəɲi tɕiuʂə, sa.uleː utɕupuŋuəɲi ʐmətʂi. qe:˞ ŋuətu, ɕuɑnʁuɑi ʂpəktɕi.uɑ, pitɕiŋuəɲi ʐmətʂi ʂpə˞, qe:˞ ŋuətu, ɕuɑnʁuɑi. ɦɑtu satʂuteːtɕtʂileːŋuəɲi tʂi ou ʐikui, ɦɑtu kən lɑntʰɑleː ŋuəkəi.uɑ, lɑnthəleː ŋuəkəitu, ɦɑlɑ mɑːleː.u ɑsməqɑŋuəɲi ɦɑtʰɑ ɲiuŋuəɲi ɑs pɑntɕinu pɑntɕin tətʂʰəɲi ɦɑtsəi deldeɲi ɲiu pɑtʂ deldeɲi ɦɑlɑ, ɲiu pɑtʂ deldeɲi χaiʂə ɦɑlɑŋuəɲi ɦɑlɑ tʂileː lɑntʰəleːŋuəɲi, ɦɑlɑ tʂʰɑqtɑ səʁɲi ɕi topu.ualeː ŋuəkəi, ɕi topuleː ŋuəkəitu, χaiʂə ɦɑlɑ səʁɲi ɕi sətɕɲi nulukəpəkəi, ɦɑtu mɑːleːtɕŋuəɲi χaiʂə ɕiŋuəɲi χaisə ɦɑtsəi pɑntɕin liekəpəkui.uɑ.

Qeer ŋuətu tsisäṭu šəzi ŋuəkəiwa, tsisäṭu šəzi ŋuəkəitu, säwuleecteeŋuəñi ciuṣə, säwulee ucupuŋuəñi ẓməṭi. Qeer ŋuətu, šuanɣuai ṣpəkciwa, piciŋuəñi ẓməṭi ṣpər, qeer ŋuətu, šuanɣuai. Ḥatu säṭuteecṭileeŋuəñi ṭi ou ẓikui, ḥatu kən lanthalee ŋuəkəiwa, lanthalee ŋuəkəitu, ḥala maaleeu asməqaŋuəñi ḥatha ñiuŋuəñi as pancinu pancin təṭhəñi ḥatsəi deldeñi ñiu paṭ deldeñi ḥala, ñiu paṭ deldeñi x̣aiṣə ḥalaŋuəñi ḥala ṭilee lanthaleeŋuəñi, ḥala ṭhaqta səɣñi ši topuwälee ŋuəkəi, ši topulee ŋuəkəitu, x̣aiṣə ḥala səɣñi ši səcñi nulukəpəkəi, ḥatu maaleecŋuəñi x̣aiṣə šiŋuəñi x̣aiṣə ḥatsəi pancin liekəpəkuiwa.

[dɮ the phoneme]

Min Nan with a (fairly nonsensical) Greco-Romance flair:

Initials
/p pʰ b t tʰ ts tsʰ k kʰ g/ <b p mb d t nd gi~g ci~c g~gh c~ch ng>
/m n ŋ/ <m n gn~gnh>
/s dz~z h̃ h/ <s z j>
/l/ <l>

Where romanizations are given in pairs, the latter is used before <i e>, and the former is used elsewhere.

Finals (really medial + final)
/a ja wa/ <a (h)ia (h)ua>
/ã jã wã/ <am (h)iam (h)uam>
/aʔ jaʔ waʔ/ <ac (h)iac (h)uac>
/am jam wam/ <amme (h)iamme (h)uamme>
/aŋ jaŋ waŋ/ <an (h)ian (h)uan>
/ap jap wap/ <ap (h)iap (h)uap>
/ak jak wak/ <aque (h)iaque (h)uaque>

/e we ẽ wẽ eʔ weʔ eŋ ek/ <ai (h)uai aim (h)uaim aic (h)uaic ain aique>
/o jo jõ oʔ joʔ oŋ joŋ ok jok/ <o (h)io (h)iom oc (h)ioc on (h)ion oque (h)ioque>
/ɨ ɨ̃ əŋ ək/ <i im en eque>
/i ĩ iʔ im iŋ ip ik/ <oi oim oic oimme oin oip oique>
/u uŋ uk/ <u un uque>
/aj waj ãj wãj/ <aï (h)uaï aïm (h)uaïm>
/aw ãw awʔ/ <au aum auc>
/õj ojʔ/ <oï oïc>
/ow õw jow/ <ou oui (h)iou>
/uj ũj/ <uï uïm>
/iw ĩw/ iü iüm
/ṃ ṇ/ (syllabic) <em en>

Where <h> is parenthesized, it is used only with the zero initial.

Phonemic tones in syllables not ending in a /p k ʔ/: /3 52 213 5 35 1/ <a ah ã á â à>. In checked syllables ending in /p k ʔ/, this is reduced to two: /2 4/ <a á>.

-----------------

Early Renaissance Northwest Shorzhic

/p t ts tʂ c k ʔ/
/b d dz dʐ ɟ g/
/f s ʂ x/
/z ʐ/
/w r l j/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/i u e o ɛ ɔ a/
/ʊɔ ɪɛ/

Three tone levels /1 2 3/; up to two tones can surface on the same syllable. (C)V(C) syllables, all words begin with a consonant.

/ɟo¹gɪɛz¹ cag¹ dzɔ²³gu¹ maz³¹ pu³dʐof³tʊɔ³ fe¹tsɛ³¹ jo¹lʊɔɟ¹² ʂa² gag¹na¹² ʂa²mu² di¹ŋal³toʐ²xɔ³¹ pɪɛɲ³da²³ xam²/

[Xwtek]

/p t ts tʂ c k ʔ/ <p t ts tr ch k '>
/b d dz dʐ ɟ g/ <b d dz dr j g>
/f s ʂ x/ <f s sh x>
/z ʐ/ <z zh>
/w r l j/ <w r l y>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n ny ng>
/i u e o ɛ ɔ a/ <i/ii u/uu e/ee o/oo ae ao a>
/ʊɔ ɪɛ/ <uo ie>

For tone, I assume that 3 means high tone, the same syllable cannot carry more than one tone, and 1 is the most common tone.
Tone 1 is unmarked.
Tone 2 is marked by macron.
Tone 3 is marked by acute.
The tone is written on each letter, duplicate if there are two letters for vowel and having just one tone. And the letter if duplicated if there is only one letter, but two assigned tone.

/ɟo¹gɪɛz¹ cag¹ dzɔ²³gu¹ maz³¹ pu³dʐof³tʊɔ³ fe¹tsɛ³¹ jo¹lʊɔɟ¹² ʂa² gag¹na¹² ʂa²mu² di¹ŋal³toʐ²xɔ³¹ pɪɛɲ³da²³ xam²/
jogiez chag dzāó gu máaz púdróftúó fetsáe yoluōj shā gagnaā shāmū dingáltōzhxáo píénydāá xām

If it turns out that actually other tone is more common, tone 1 can be marked by grave accent and the most common tone can have the diacritic omitted.

The tone marking only used in text targeted towards children or foreigner. Other text has no marking, so the text becomes:

jogiez chag dzao gu maz pudroftuo fetsae yoluoj sha gagna shamu dingaltozhxao pienyda xam

Note that there is no doubled letter.

[bradrn]

Early Renaissance Northwest Shorzhic

/p t ts tʂ c k ʔ/ ⟨p t c č cı k ʔ⟩
/b d dz dʐ ɟ g/ ⟨b d j ǰ jı g⟩
/f s ʂ x/ ⟨f s š x⟩
/z ʐ/ ⟨z ž⟩
/w r l j/ ⟨w r l y⟩
/m n ɲ ŋ/ ⟨m n ń ŋ⟩
/i u e o ɛ ɔ a/ ⟨i o e o ɛ ɔ a⟩
/ʊɔ ɪɛ/ ⟨ụo ịe⟩

From the description, I surmise that there are nine tones: /1 2 3 12 13 23 21 31 32/, written ⟨à a á ǎ ã ā a̍ ả â⟩ respectively. For the digraphs ⟨ụo ịe⟩, the tone marker goes on the second letter.

Sample text:

/ɟo¹gɪɛz¹ cag¹ dzɔ²³gu¹ maz³¹ pu³dʐof³tʊɔ³ fej¹tsɛ³¹ jo¹lʊɔɟ¹² ʂa² gag¹na¹² ʂa²mu² di¹ŋal³toʐ²xɔ³¹ pɪɛɲ³da²³ xam²/
⟨jıògịèz cıàg jɔ̍gù mảz púǰóftụó fèycıɛ̉ yòlụǒjı ša gàgnǎ šamu dìŋáltožxɔ̉ pịéńdã xam⟩

[Xwtek]

Isn't ı usually used for back unrounded vowel?

[bradrn]

Isn't ı usually used for back unrounded vowel?

Yes, but here I’m using it to represent palatalisation. Wikipedia reports that this is used in the romanization of Abkhaz, to represent palatalisation. Although now that I read the article a bit more carefully, that may well be a mistranscription of an apostrophe… Anyway, Seri does a very similar trick to represent labialization (but with ⟨-ö⟩ instead of ⟨-ı⟩), so I think I’m justified in doing this.

[Knit Tie]

m n̪ n ɲ ŋ
p b t̪ d̪ t d kʲ gʲ k̠ ɣ̠ k̠ʷ ɣ̠ʷ
s̪ z̪ ʃ ʒ h
w ɾ

a e ɛ i o ɔ u, +length, nasality and/or high tone in any combination. Vn sequences are distinct from nasalised vowels, but only with the alveolar nasal.

In loanwords, /f v h l t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/ are also present.

[bradrn]

/m n̪ n ɲ ŋ/ ⟨m ṉ n ń ŋ⟩
/p b t̪ d̪ t d kʲ gʲ k̠ ɣ̠ k̠ʷ ɣ̠ʷ/ ⟨p b ṯ ḏ t d c j k g kw gw⟩
/s̪ z̪ ʃ ʒ h/ ⟨s z ś ź h⟩
/w ɾ/ ⟨w r⟩
In loanwords: /f v h l t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/ ⟨f v h l č ǰ⟩

/a e ɛ i o ɔ u/ ⟨a e ɛ i o ɔ u⟩
Long vowels denoted by doubling the vowel, nasality denoted by an ogonek, high tone is an acute accent.
So e.g. high long nasal vowels are ⟨ą́ą́ ę́ę́ ɛ̨́ɛ̨́⟩ etc.

[bradrn]

I made this phonology in order to test the new release of my Conkey keyboard. However, I found it incredibly difficult to romanise. Maybe someone else can figure out something nice for it!

Consonants:

Code: Select all

/mʲ mˠ | nʲ nˠ nʷ | ŋʲ ŋ ŋʷ/
/pʲ pˠ | tʲ tˠ tʷ | kʲ k kʷ/
/bʲ bˠ | dʲ dˠ dʷ | gʲ g gʷ/
/fʲ fˠ | sʲ sˠ sʷ | xʲ x xʷ/
/      |    ɫ  ɻʷ | j  ɰ w /

(Note: I have used vertical lines to separate POAs as an aid to readability. These lines have no other meaning.)

Vowels:

/a ɑ ɐ e ɤ ɘ i ɯ/ + nasalisation

I have listed all vowels as unrounded; rounding (and to an extent vowel quality) is allophonic based on the secondary articulation of the surrounding consonants. I haven’t worked out all the details yet, but it’ll probably end up being similar to Irish.

Phonotactics: Syllables are (C)V(C), probably.

Sample text: None yet. Feel free to make up your own if you want.

[axolotl]

I made this phonology in order to test the new release of my Conkey keyboard. However, I found it incredibly difficult to romanise. Maybe someone else can figure out something nice for it!

I've decided to take the Slavic approach and leave the velarized consonants "unmarked." I've also left ɫ ɻʷ without any markings, as there's no need to contrast them. I've used <h> for some digraphs as well.

Here are your consonants:

/mʲ mˠ | nʲ nˠ nʷ | ŋʲ ŋ ŋʷ/
/pʲ pˠ | tʲ tˠ tʷ | kʲ k kʷ/
/bʲ bˠ | dʲ dˠ dʷ | gʲ g gʷ/
/fʲ fˠ | sʲ sˠ sʷ | xʲ x xʷ/
/ | ɫ ɻʷ | j ɰ w /

mj m nj n nw nhj nh nhw
pj p tj t tw kj k kw
bj b dj d dw gj g gw
fj f sj s sw xj x xw
l r y c* v

*sorry. best I could come up with. change it to <gh> or something if you want.

As for the vowels...well, there are a lot of ways to do this. This is the one I came up with:
/a ɑ ɐ e ɤ ɘ i ɯ/
ä å a e o ï i u
+ nasalization marked by an <h> following the vowel (it's not pretty but it's functional). Rounding just has to be figured out by the reader based on surrounding consonants. Or I suppose you could use an unused letter, like c or z, to mark it.

Basically, this treats /ɐ/ like the "real" low vowel (because it's central) and steals letters from Nordic languages to represent the other two. <ï> is used simply because the diacritic is present on the other two. I would have used <y> if it was available, but it has to be used to represent /j/.