Hek'a

[Travis B.]

Here are some verbs:

Meaning	Verb
exist	ra
equal	jaa
go	gaw
come	k'it
give	wik
take	luh
stand	caa
sit	lat
lie	yuu
walk	ar
run	rew
jump	zuuwa
push	saw
pull	mixe
rise	wun
eat	ina
drink	tihu
sleep	laa
live	ruda
die	bat'
see/look	sera
hear/listen	lit'a
say	wi
speak	yuwe
understand	ukaa
know	min
know someone	fawi
know biblically	dena
forget	wilaa
inhabit	waq
travel	lura
provide	wahe
compare	pad
pay	hin
buy	d'ane
sell	qam

[Travis B.]

Here are some nouns:

Meaning	Stem	Class
man	fakka	3
woman	nahi	4
window	wera	7
house	fik'e	8
sky	juu	11
sun	gaw	11
moon	t'uda	11
star	aka	11
cloud	wihe	11
thing	li	13
dog	taa	5
horse	bila	5
head of cattle	d'uule	5
ape or monkey	leya	5
tiger	yunna	5
food	ib'a	10
rice	lida	10
meat	p'ale	10
soup, stew	raafa	10
water	sile	11
fire	naw	11
stone	nan	8
land	qinne	7
tree	luuna	9
palm tree	xillu	9
mountain	kam	9
humankind	qaw	13
father	hata	3
mother	ime	4
son	lawwe	3
daughter	ule	4
brother	pire	3
sister	wella	4
life	nune	14

[Travis B.]

Hek'a has noun incorporation which is marked by directly attaching the incorporated noun stem to the start of the verb stem, and reducing the verb's valence by one. This may be done by the agent or instrument of the verb, and removes the corresponding agreed agent or instrument marker. In effect it acts like an antipassive, without actually marking antipassive voice.

Note that noun incorporation gives the incorporated noun an indefinite, general meaning, so when a definite meaning is desired noun incorporation is not used.