The glebst of gleb, V2.0
The glebst of gleb, V2.0
BROTHERS!
Remember the "glebst of gleb" thread in which we posted gleb's ridiculous phonologies?
Well, I do, and what way to reinstate the ZBB 2.0 is better than a gleb 2.0 thread?
Let's start with two fascinating seeds that I stumbled upon:
#1946405671, Gagɛŋsu [gaɰɛŋzu]
Phonemes:
/p p' b t t' d k k' g/
/s z/
/ʍ w/
/m n ŋ/
/i e ɛ a ɔ o u/
Transcription:
<p f b t j d k q g>
<s z>
<h w>
<m n ŋ>
<i e ɛ a ɔ o u>
Syllable structure:
(G)(C)V(C)
When G is /k k' ŋ/
Allophony rules:
-Cluster voicing backward assimilation for obstruents- the second obstruent determines the voicing. all other consonants do not change voicing
-Final devoicing for obstruents
-Ejectives become regular stops before an obstruent
-Front vowels become central before [ʍ w]
-/s/ becomes voiced between voiced phonemes
-Alveolar stops and nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-Alveolar stops elide finally
-/g/ lenits to [ɰ]between vowels and semivowels
Example sentence (doesn't mean anything, as do all other examples):
Gofpow ŋejqqitwaz soe zew dambi kgizsaktaŋsui muŋwep ji ked ŋfɛŋ kasu.
[gopːow ŋek'ːːitwas soe zɘw dambi gːisːaktaŋzui muŋwep t'i ke ŋp'ɛŋ kazu]
And #1647438689, Dzéltyü [d͡zelcy]
Phonemes:
/p b t d t͡s d͡z c k/
/f s ç x h/
/w l j/
/m n/
/i y e ø ɛ œ ɑ ɔ o u/
Transcription:
<p b t d c dz ty k>
<f s hy x h>
<w l j>
<m n>
<i ü é ő e ö a o ó u>
Syllable structure:
(C)V(C)
/b d dz/ are illegal codas
Allophony rules
-/p b m/ become labiodental before /f/
-Voiceless stops + /h/ become aspirated
-Back vowels centralize before /j/
-Front vowels are backed after a velar
-Cluster voicing backward assimilation for obstruents, this time nasals can change the initial obstruent's voicing
-Final devoicing for obstruents
-Before a voiced stop or a nasal, fricatives and affricates become their corresponding stops: but /f/ -> /b/, /s/ -> /d/ /h/ -> 0
-Consonants are palatalized before a palatal, with /ts dz k s x h l n/ becoming [tʃ dʒ c ʃ ç ç ʎ ɲ]
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
Example sentence:
pahtyi métióh decu lasőkidzü öbihyadzéxméc, éonak ütde toxmüehum ówe dajékébe öwmó.
[pɑçci metioh dɛt͡su lɑsøkɯd͡zy œbiçɑd͡zegmet͡s eɔnɑk ydːɛ tɔgmyɛhum owʌ dajekɤbɛ œwmo]
Remember the "glebst of gleb" thread in which we posted gleb's ridiculous phonologies?
Well, I do, and what way to reinstate the ZBB 2.0 is better than a gleb 2.0 thread?
Let's start with two fascinating seeds that I stumbled upon:
#1946405671, Gagɛŋsu [gaɰɛŋzu]
Phonemes:
/p p' b t t' d k k' g/
/s z/
/ʍ w/
/m n ŋ/
/i e ɛ a ɔ o u/
Transcription:
<p f b t j d k q g>
<s z>
<h w>
<m n ŋ>
<i e ɛ a ɔ o u>
Syllable structure:
(G)(C)V(C)
When G is /k k' ŋ/
Allophony rules:
-Cluster voicing backward assimilation for obstruents- the second obstruent determines the voicing. all other consonants do not change voicing
-Final devoicing for obstruents
-Ejectives become regular stops before an obstruent
-Front vowels become central before [ʍ w]
-/s/ becomes voiced between voiced phonemes
-Alveolar stops and nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-Alveolar stops elide finally
-/g/ lenits to [ɰ]between vowels and semivowels
Example sentence (doesn't mean anything, as do all other examples):
Gofpow ŋejqqitwaz soe zew dambi kgizsaktaŋsui muŋwep ji ked ŋfɛŋ kasu.
[gopːow ŋek'ːːitwas soe zɘw dambi gːisːaktaŋzui muŋwep t'i ke ŋp'ɛŋ kazu]
And #1647438689, Dzéltyü [d͡zelcy]
Phonemes:
/p b t d t͡s d͡z c k/
/f s ç x h/
/w l j/
/m n/
/i y e ø ɛ œ ɑ ɔ o u/
Transcription:
<p b t d c dz ty k>
<f s hy x h>
<w l j>
<m n>
<i ü é ő e ö a o ó u>
Syllable structure:
(C)V(C)
/b d dz/ are illegal codas
Allophony rules
-/p b m/ become labiodental before /f/
-Voiceless stops + /h/ become aspirated
-Back vowels centralize before /j/
-Front vowels are backed after a velar
-Cluster voicing backward assimilation for obstruents, this time nasals can change the initial obstruent's voicing
-Final devoicing for obstruents
-Before a voiced stop or a nasal, fricatives and affricates become their corresponding stops: but /f/ -> /b/, /s/ -> /d/ /h/ -> 0
-Consonants are palatalized before a palatal, with /ts dz k s x h l n/ becoming [tʃ dʒ c ʃ ç ç ʎ ɲ]
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
Example sentence:
pahtyi métióh decu lasőkidzü öbihyadzéxméc, éonak ütde toxmüehum ówe dajékébe öwmó.
[pɑçci metioh dɛt͡su lɑsøkɯd͡zy œbiçɑd͡zegmet͡s eɔnɑk ydːɛ tɔgmyɛhum owʌ dajekɤbɛ œwmo]
Last edited by ÜberBen on Sun Aug 05, 2018 10:03 am, edited 3 times in total.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
I just had to click on that linky. Boy, did I get weirdness! Pre-nasalized co-articulated consonsants? Is that even a thing??? I think I love this.
Consonants
Nasal / ŋ͡m m n̻ ŋ /
Prenasalised stop / ŋ͡mg͡b mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ ŋg /
Stop / k͡pʰ k͡p pʰ p ɓ̰ t̻ʰ t̻ ɗ̰̻ kʰ k /
Fricative / s̻ z˂̻ x /
Approximant / l̻ /
Vowels
High / i y u /
Mid-high / e ø o /
Low / a /
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Allophony
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1751411540.
Consonants
Nasal / ŋ͡m m n̻ ŋ /
Prenasalised stop / ŋ͡mg͡b mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ ŋg /
Stop / k͡pʰ k͡p pʰ p ɓ̰ t̻ʰ t̻ ɗ̰̻ kʰ k /
Fricative / s̻ z˂̻ x /
Approximant / l̻ /
Vowels
High / i y u /
Mid-high / e ø o /
Low / a /
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Allophony
- [mɓ̰ nɗ̰̻ k͡pʰ k͡p pʰ p t̻ʰ t̻ kʰ k ɓ̰ ɗ̰̻ z˂̻] assimilate in aspiration to a preceding consonant other than [l̻]. After an aspirated stop, implosive obstruents become unaspirated; creaky-voiced implosives become non-creaky-voiced nasals; [z˂̻] become [n̻].
- [mɓ̰ nɗ̰̻ k͡pʰ k͡p pʰ p t̻ʰ t̻ kʰ k ɓ̰ ɗ̰̻] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding obstruent. After a creaky-voiced implosive, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
- Non-ejective non-nasal voiced vowels and non-glottal stop non-nasal voiced consonants other than non-implosive obstruents or [z˂̻ l̻], i.e. [mɓ ɗ̻ e ...], persistently become creaky-voiced [mɓ̰ ɗ̰̻ ḛ ...] before a creaky-voiced implosive.
- Short non-nasal voiced phones [ŋ͡mg͡b ɓ̰ u ...] persistently become voiceless [k͡p ɓ̥ʼ u̥ ...] after a voiceless aspirated stop. Prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised; prenasalised implosives become voiced.
- Stops [ŋ͡mg͡b k͡p k ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following non-lateral obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Before a voiceless consonant other than [l̥̻], prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised; prenasalised implosives become voiced. Before a voiced consonant other than [l̻], aspirated stops become unaspirated; non-implosive ejective stops become non-glottalised.
- Nasals [ŋ͡m m n̻ ŋ] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Short non-prenasalised non-alveolar voiced stops other than [g͡b], i.e. [b g ɓ ɓ̰], are deleted between a vowel and a vowel.
- Short non-ejective unaspirated voiceless vowels and short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless approximants [l̥̻ y̥ ø̥ ...] become voiced [l̻ y ø ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Unaspirated obstruents [ŋ͡mg͡b g͡b ɓ̥ʼ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent. After a voiceless consonant other than [l̥̻], prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised; prenasalised implosives become voiced. After a voiced obstruent, non-implosive ejective stops become non-glottalised; [x] are deleted.
- Vowels [i ṵ ø̥ ...] become nasal [ẽ õ̰ ø̥̃ ...] after a nasal. High vowels become non-high.
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1751411540.
Vardelm's Scratchpad Table of Contents (Dwarven, Devani, Jin, & Yokai)
- bbbosborne
- Posts: 191
- Joined: Mon Jul 23, 2018 6:02 pm
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Damn look at dem vowels
Consonants
Nasal /m n/
Stop /p b t d k g k͡p g͡b/
Fricative /ɸ β s z xʷ h/
Trill /r/
Approximant /l ʟ w/
Vowels
High /u/
Mid-low /ʌ ʌ̃ ɔ ɔ̃/
Syllable structure
(C1)V(R)(C2)(C3)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
R: a sonorant other than /h/; i.e. one of /m n r l w ʟ/
C2: one of /m n k͡p p t k ɸ s h r l w ʟ/
C3: an alveolar consonant; i.e. one of /n t d s z r l/
Allophony
Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless obstruents [k͡p t ɸ ...] become voiced [g͡b d β ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
Non-glottal stop obstruents [k͡p t β ...] assimilate in voice to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than resonant.
Nasals [m n] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
Nasals [ŋ͡m m ŋ ...] become obstruents [g͡b b g ...] before a non-nasal voiced fricative.
Stops [k͡p b k ...] persistently become aspirated [k͡pʰ pʰ kʰ ...] before a glottal fricative. Voiced stops become voiceless.
Stops [k͡pʰ p kʰ ...] persistently assimilate in aspiration to a following consonant other than resonant. Before an aspirated consonant, voiced stops become voiceless.
Stops [k͡pʰ b k ...] persistently assimilate in aspiration to a preceding consonant other than resonant. After an aspirated consonant, voiced stops become voiceless.
Non-velar consonants [m tʰ s ...] become back [mˠ tˠʰ sˠ ...] before a velar consonant.
Unaspirated obstruents [k͡p tˠ ɸˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following non-nasal consonant other than resonant and become voiceless word-finally.
Before a nasal, nasal vowels become non-nasal mid-low; nasal vowels become non-nasal mid-low.
[ʌ ɔ] become [ʌ̃ ɔ̃] before a nasal phone.
[w] become [ɔ̯] before a mid-low vowel.
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1766177375.
Consonants
Nasal /m n/
Stop /p b t d k g k͡p g͡b/
Fricative /ɸ β s z xʷ h/
Trill /r/
Approximant /l ʟ w/
Vowels
High /u/
Mid-low /ʌ ʌ̃ ɔ ɔ̃/
Syllable structure
(C1)V(R)(C2)(C3)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
R: a sonorant other than /h/; i.e. one of /m n r l w ʟ/
C2: one of /m n k͡p p t k ɸ s h r l w ʟ/
C3: an alveolar consonant; i.e. one of /n t d s z r l/
Allophony
Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless obstruents [k͡p t ɸ ...] become voiced [g͡b d β ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
Non-glottal stop obstruents [k͡p t β ...] assimilate in voice to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than resonant.
Nasals [m n] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
Nasals [ŋ͡m m ŋ ...] become obstruents [g͡b b g ...] before a non-nasal voiced fricative.
Stops [k͡p b k ...] persistently become aspirated [k͡pʰ pʰ kʰ ...] before a glottal fricative. Voiced stops become voiceless.
Stops [k͡pʰ p kʰ ...] persistently assimilate in aspiration to a following consonant other than resonant. Before an aspirated consonant, voiced stops become voiceless.
Stops [k͡pʰ b k ...] persistently assimilate in aspiration to a preceding consonant other than resonant. After an aspirated consonant, voiced stops become voiceless.
Non-velar consonants [m tʰ s ...] become back [mˠ tˠʰ sˠ ...] before a velar consonant.
Unaspirated obstruents [k͡p tˠ ɸˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following non-nasal consonant other than resonant and become voiceless word-finally.
Before a nasal, nasal vowels become non-nasal mid-low; nasal vowels become non-nasal mid-low.
[ʌ ɔ] become [ʌ̃ ɔ̃] before a nasal phone.
[w] become [ɔ̯] before a mid-low vowel.
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1766177375.
when the hell did that happen
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- Posts: 125
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Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Vowel system of seed 2023843620: /a ɔ o ʊ u/. No front vowels at all. Not even allophonically.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Here's two more seeds for you!
#1500911802, Obuzve [ɔg͡buzβ̞ɛ]
Phonemes:
/b t d t͡s k g g͡b/
/s z h/
/β̞ l j/
/m n/
/i ɛ ɨ a ɔ u/
Transcription:
<p t d c k g b>
<s z h>
<v l j>
<m n>
<i e y a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(C)
Allophony:
-All consonants (bar /j/) palatalize before a front vowel or semivowel, but /h/'s palatal variant is [j̥] and palatalized velars become true palatals
-/ɛ ɔ/ become [e o] before a nasal
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-All consonants assimilate in palatalisation to the following consonant
-/ɨ/ -> /i/ after a palatalized consonant
-Back vowels centralize before /j/ and [j̥]
-Voiceless obstruents become voiced after a nasal
-Obstruents assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent
-Voiced stops become aspirated before [h]
-/ɛ ɔ/ become [e o] before [j j̥]
-Semivowels become rounded before a rounded vowel
-Semivowels become mid-high after a non-high vowel
-Bilabial voiced stops or nasals become approximants after [w ʍ] and velar stops or nasals are deleted in the same environment
-Consonants labialize after [w ʍ] and palatalized consonants lose the palatalization in the same environment
-Non-back vowels and [j j̥] assimilate in frontness/palatalisation to a following semivowel
-Before [w ʍ] voiced semivowels are deleted and voiceless semivowels become /h/
-Unaspirated obstruents assimilate in voice to a following obstruent
-Non-front vowels assimilate in backness to a preceding mid-high semivowel
Example sentence:
Bey a sevo lubdacbubo azal ihaj u ezkit jemea.
[ɟ͡bɛɨ a sʲɛβ̞ɔ lug͡bdad͡zg͡bug͡bɔ azal ihae̯ u ɛzɟit jemʲɛa]
And #1480760177, Åžanřuqe [ɒʒæɴʷʁʷuqe]
Phonemes:
/p b t d t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g q ɢ/
/f v s z ʃ ʒ x ɣ X ʁ h/
/ɾ w/
/m n ɲ ɴʷ/
/i y ɛ œ a ɒ ɔ u/
Transcription:
<p b t d č j k g q ɠ>
<f v s z š ž x ġ ƣ ř h>
<r w>
<m n ň ŋ>
<i y e ø a å o u>
Syllable structure:
(C)V(L)
L is one of /m n ɲ ɴʷ ɾ w/
Allophony:
-/ɲ/ becomes alveopalatal [nʲ] before /tʃ dʒ ʃ ʒ/
-Tense vowels and semivowels become lax before /ɾ/
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
(This rule is quite common, isn't it?)
-Coronal stops + coronal fricatives become affricates according to the stop
-[nʲ] returns to /ɲ/ before another /ɲ/
-Front vowels centralize before a semivowel
-Labial obstruents or nasals assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal
-Central vowels become back after uvulars
-Semivowels assimilate in laxity to a following (semi)vowel
-/n ɴʷ/ become [m mʷ] word-finally
-Central vowels become front after a coronal
-Semivowels assimilate in laxity to a preceding vowel or semivowel
-Non-coronal consonants become labialized before /ɔ u w/
-High vowels and semivowels become mid-high before uvulars
Example sentence:
Zåvo ƣexoeŋ urzaŋwywču i itu ryčatå řozåreŋžukø deɠu ƣaňve.
[zɒvʷɔ Xɛxʷɔɛmʷ oɾzæɴʷwywt͡ʃu i itu ɾyt͡ʃætɒ ʁʷɔzɔɾɛɲʒukœ dɛɢʷu Xɑɱvɛ]
Dear goodness, the allophony rules were hell to sift through. Modifying or removing redundant allophonic conditions is tough when they're presented as a contiguous wall of text.
For example, Åžanřuqe originally had a lot of rules pretaining to aspirated stops and affricates, but they were achieved by combining a stop/affricate with a following /h/- and since Åžanřuqe's syllable structure only allows sonorants in the coda, no aspirates can form and all rules pretaining to them were rendered void.
Just to give you a sense of the sh*t I have to deal with, here's Åžanřuqe's last allophony rule before parsing:
#1500911802, Obuzve [ɔg͡buzβ̞ɛ]
Phonemes:
/b t d t͡s k g g͡b/
/s z h/
/β̞ l j/
/m n/
/i ɛ ɨ a ɔ u/
Transcription:
<p t d c k g b>
<s z h>
<v l j>
<m n>
<i e y a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(C)
Allophony:
-All consonants (bar /j/) palatalize before a front vowel or semivowel, but /h/'s palatal variant is [j̥] and palatalized velars become true palatals
-/ɛ ɔ/ become [e o] before a nasal
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-All consonants assimilate in palatalisation to the following consonant
-/ɨ/ -> /i/ after a palatalized consonant
-Back vowels centralize before /j/ and [j̥]
-Voiceless obstruents become voiced after a nasal
-Obstruents assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent
-Voiced stops become aspirated before [h]
-/ɛ ɔ/ become [e o] before [j j̥]
-Semivowels become rounded before a rounded vowel
-Semivowels become mid-high after a non-high vowel
-Bilabial voiced stops or nasals become approximants after [w ʍ] and velar stops or nasals are deleted in the same environment
-Consonants labialize after [w ʍ] and palatalized consonants lose the palatalization in the same environment
-Non-back vowels and [j j̥] assimilate in frontness/palatalisation to a following semivowel
-Before [w ʍ] voiced semivowels are deleted and voiceless semivowels become /h/
-Unaspirated obstruents assimilate in voice to a following obstruent
-Non-front vowels assimilate in backness to a preceding mid-high semivowel
Example sentence:
Bey a sevo lubdacbubo azal ihaj u ezkit jemea.
[ɟ͡bɛɨ a sʲɛβ̞ɔ lug͡bdad͡zg͡bug͡bɔ azal ihae̯ u ɛzɟit jemʲɛa]
And #1480760177, Åžanřuqe [ɒʒæɴʷʁʷuqe]
Phonemes:
/p b t d t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g q ɢ/
/f v s z ʃ ʒ x ɣ X ʁ h/
/ɾ w/
/m n ɲ ɴʷ/
/i y ɛ œ a ɒ ɔ u/
Transcription:
<p b t d č j k g q ɠ>
<f v s z š ž x ġ ƣ ř h>
<r w>
<m n ň ŋ>
<i y e ø a å o u>
Syllable structure:
(C)V(L)
L is one of /m n ɲ ɴʷ ɾ w/
Allophony:
-/ɲ/ becomes alveopalatal [nʲ] before /tʃ dʒ ʃ ʒ/
-Tense vowels and semivowels become lax before /ɾ/
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
(This rule is quite common, isn't it?)
-Coronal stops + coronal fricatives become affricates according to the stop
-[nʲ] returns to /ɲ/ before another /ɲ/
-Front vowels centralize before a semivowel
-Labial obstruents or nasals assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal
-Central vowels become back after uvulars
-Semivowels assimilate in laxity to a following (semi)vowel
-/n ɴʷ/ become [m mʷ] word-finally
-Central vowels become front after a coronal
-Semivowels assimilate in laxity to a preceding vowel or semivowel
-Non-coronal consonants become labialized before /ɔ u w/
-High vowels and semivowels become mid-high before uvulars
Example sentence:
Zåvo ƣexoeŋ urzaŋwywču i itu ryčatå řozåreŋžukø deɠu ƣaňve.
[zɒvʷɔ Xɛxʷɔɛmʷ oɾzæɴʷwywt͡ʃu i itu ɾyt͡ʃætɒ ʁʷɔzɔɾɛɲʒukœ dɛɢʷu Xɑɱvɛ]
Dear goodness, the allophony rules were hell to sift through. Modifying or removing redundant allophonic conditions is tough when they're presented as a contiguous wall of text.
For example, Åžanřuqe originally had a lot of rules pretaining to aspirated stops and affricates, but they were achieved by combining a stop/affricate with a following /h/- and since Åžanřuqe's syllable structure only allows sonorants in the coda, no aspirates can form and all rules pretaining to them were rendered void.
Just to give you a sense of the sh*t I have to deal with, here's Åžanřuqe's last allophony rule before parsing:
High vowels and semivowels [j̥ w ɨ ...] persistently become non-high [e̥̯ o̯ ɘ ...] before a non-near-high vowel or an uvular consonant except for a vowel or semivowel.
Last edited by ÜberBen on Sun Aug 05, 2018 10:24 am, edited 3 times in total.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Oh, and for all those who are interested, I made the sample sentences with Zompist's gen and ran them through the allophony changes manually.
- bbbosborne
- Posts: 191
- Joined: Mon Jul 23, 2018 6:02 pm
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
ah, that makes sense. i was wondering where all my "sample sentences" were.ÜberBen wrote: ↑Thu Jul 26, 2018 12:22 pm Oh, and for all those who are interested, I made the sample sentences with Zompist's gen and ran them through the allophony changes manually.
when the hell did that happen
- bbbosborne
- Posts: 191
- Joined: Mon Jul 23, 2018 6:02 pm
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Now would'ja look at that
Consonants
Nasal /m n ŋ/
Stop /p mb t nd k ŋg ʔ/
Affricate /t͡θ̺ nd͡ð̺ t͡s nd͡z/
Fricative /f s/
Resonant /ɾ w/
Vowels
High /i u/
Mid-high /e o/
Mid-low /ɛ ɔ/
Low /a/
Syllable Structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
Non-back vowels other than [a], i.e. [i e ɛ], become central [ɨ ɘ ɜ] before a semivowel.
Voiceless stops other than [p], i.e. [t k t͡θ̺ t͡s], become ejective [tʼ kʼ t͡θ̺ʼ t͡sʼ] after a non-nasal glottal stop.
Semivowels [w] persistently become near-high [ʊ̯] before a lax vowel.
Non-high vowels [e o ɜ ...] become nasal [ẽ õ ɜ̃ ...] before a nasal.
Non-labial consonants other than semivowels [n tʼ t͡θ̺ ...] persistently become rounded [nʷ tʼʷ t͡θ̺ʷ ...] after a rounded semivowel.
[ʊ̯] become [w] before a high vowel or semivowel.
Before a rounded semivowel, low vowels become unrounded non-low; low vowels become unrounded non-low.
Short non-ejective non-glottal fricative voiceless obstruents [p kʷ t͡sʷ ...] become voiced [b gʷ d͡zʷ ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
Nasals [m n ŋ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
Consonants
Nasal /m n ŋ/
Stop /p mb t nd k ŋg ʔ/
Affricate /t͡θ̺ nd͡ð̺ t͡s nd͡z/
Fricative /f s/
Resonant /ɾ w/
Vowels
High /i u/
Mid-high /e o/
Mid-low /ɛ ɔ/
Low /a/
Syllable Structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
Non-back vowels other than [a], i.e. [i e ɛ], become central [ɨ ɘ ɜ] before a semivowel.
Voiceless stops other than [p], i.e. [t k t͡θ̺ t͡s], become ejective [tʼ kʼ t͡θ̺ʼ t͡sʼ] after a non-nasal glottal stop.
Semivowels [w] persistently become near-high [ʊ̯] before a lax vowel.
Non-high vowels [e o ɜ ...] become nasal [ẽ õ ɜ̃ ...] before a nasal.
Non-labial consonants other than semivowels [n tʼ t͡θ̺ ...] persistently become rounded [nʷ tʼʷ t͡θ̺ʷ ...] after a rounded semivowel.
[ʊ̯] become [w] before a high vowel or semivowel.
Before a rounded semivowel, low vowels become unrounded non-low; low vowels become unrounded non-low.
Short non-ejective non-glottal fricative voiceless obstruents [p kʷ t͡sʷ ...] become voiced [b gʷ d͡zʷ ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
Nasals [m n ŋ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
when the hell did that happen
- bbbosborne
- Posts: 191
- Joined: Mon Jul 23, 2018 6:02 pm
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Now this deserves a spot in the smithsonian
Consonants
Nasal /ɲ͡m ŋ͡m ŋ͡mˤ m n̻ ɲ ŋ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ ɴ ɴˤ/
Stop /c͡p k͡p k͡pˤ q͡p q͡pˤ p ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓʲ̰ t̻ ɗ̻̰ c k kʷ kˤʷ q/
Fricative /f v s̻ z̻ ʝ ɣ ɣˤ ʁ ʁˤ ħʰ ʕ h/
Resonant /ɾ̻ j w ʊ̯ˤ/
Vowels
High /i iː ɨ ɨː u uː/
Mid-low /ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛː̃ ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔː̃/
Low /a aː ã aː̃/
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant other than /ŋʷ ŋˤʷ/
V: a vowel
C2: a sonorant other than /ħʰ ʕ/; i.e. one of /ɲ͡m ŋ͡m ŋ͡mˤ m n̻ ɲ ŋ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ h/
Allophony
[h] become [ħʰ] before a pharyngealised consonant.
Voiceless stops [c͡p q͡pˤ k ...] persistently become aspirated [c͡pʰ q͡pˤʰ kʰ ...] before an aspirated radical.
Central vowels [ɨ a ã ...] become back [ɯ ɑ ɑ̃ ...] before a pharyngealised consonant.
[ŋ͡m ŋ͡mˤ m n̻ ŋ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ k͡pʰ k͡p k͡pˤʰ k͡pˤ pʰ p t̻ʰ t̻ kʰ k kʷʰ kʷ kˤʷʰ kˤʷ ɓ̰ ɓʲ̰ ɗ̻̰ f v s̻ z̻ ɣ ɣˤ h ɾ̻] assimilate in palatalisation to a preceding consonant other than semivowel. After a front consonant other than [j], [ŋ͡mˤ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ k͡pˤʰ k͡pˤ kʷʰ kʷ kˤʷʰ kˤʷ ɣˤ] become [ŋ͡m̟ˤ ŋ̟ʷ ŋ̟ˤ ŋ̟ˤʷ k͡p̟ˤʰ k͡p̟ˤ k̟ʷʰ k̟ʷ k̟ˤʷʰ k̟ˤʷ ɣ̟ˤ]; alveolar consonants other than [ɾ̻] become alveopalatal; [t̻ʰ t̻] become [t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕ]; [h] become [j̥].
Non-sibilant coronal coronal stops [t̻ʰ t̻ ɗ̻̰ ɗʲ̱̰] become sibilants [t͡s̻ʰ t͡s̻ ɗ͡z̻̰ ɗ͡ʑ̰] before a front high tense vowel or a high palatal tense semivowel.
Alveopalatal stops or nasals [nʲ̱ ɗʲ̱̰ t͡ɕ ...] become non-affricate non-coronal palatal [ɲ c ...] before a palatal obstruent or nasal. Implosives are deleted.
Tense vowels and semivowels [j̥ i ɯ ...] persistently become lax [ɪ̯̥ ɪ ʊ̜ ...] after a pharyngealised consonant.
Non-pharyngealised velar obstruents or nasals [ŋ͡m k͡pʰ k ...] become palatal [ɲ͡m c͡pʰ c ...] after a front vowel or semivowel. Rounded stops or nasals become velar.
Stops [c͡pʰ pʲʰ kˤʷʰ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following non-nasal consonant other than resonant. Before a creaky-voiced implosive, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Palatal obstruents or nasals [cʼ ɲ c͡pʰ ...] persistently become alveopalatal [t͡ɕʼ nʲ̱ t͡ɕʰ ...] before an alveopalatal obstruent or nasal. Stops become affricates; bilabial stops or nasals become non-labial.
High vowels and semivowels [j̥ i ɪ ...] become non-high [e̯̥ e ɛ ...] before a non-near-high vowel or an uvular consonant except for a vowel or semivowel.
[ɓ ɓˤ ɓʲ ɗ̻ ɗʲ̱ ɗ͡z̻ ɗ͡ʑ ʕ i iː ɨ ɨː ɯ ɯː u uː ɪ ɪː ɪ̈ ɪ̈ː ʊ̜ ʊ̜ː ʊ ʊː e eː ɘ ɘː ɤ ɤː o oː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛː̃ ɜ ɜː ʌ ʌː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔː̃ a aː ã aː̃ ɑ ɑː ɑ̃ ɑː̃] persistently become creaky-voiced after a creaky-voiced implosive. [ʕ] are deleted.
Dorsal obstruents or nasals [ɲ͡m k͡pʼ k ...] persistently assimilate in uvularity to a following dorsal obstruent or nasal. Before an uvular obstruent or nasal, non-back obstruents or nasals become uvular; palatal obstruents or nasals become uvular.
[o̯ ɔ̯] are deleted after a non-low front vowel or a front semivowel.
High vowels and semivowels [j̥ ɨː ɪː̰ ...] persistently become non-high [e̯̥ ɘː ɛː̰ ...] before a pharyngealised consonant.
Stops [c͡pʰ t̻ʰ qʷ ...] assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than resonant. After a glottalised stop, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Tense vowels and semivowels [j̥ ɨː eː̰ ...] persistently become lax [ɪ̯̥ ɪ̈ː ɛː̰ ...] before a pharyngealised consonant.
Front vowels and semivowels [j̥ ḭ eː ...] become central [h ɨ̰ ɘː ...] before a back semivowel. Voiced semivowels are deleted; voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals.
Vowels and semivowels other than central low vowels [j̥ ɪː ɛː̰ ...] persistently assimilate in frontness or palatalisation to a preceding uvular consonant. After an uvular consonant, voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals; voiced front semivowels are deleted. After a mid palatalised uvular semivowel, rounded vowels become unrounded; low vowels become non-front; non-pharyngealised velar or uvular semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded non-front radicals.
Front vowels and semivowels [j̥ ḭ eː ...] become non-front [h ɨ̰ ɘː ...] after an uvular obstruent or nasal. Voiced semivowels are deleted; voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals.
Vowels and semivowels other than central low vowels [j̥ ɪː ɛː̰ ...] assimilate in frontness or palatalisation to a preceding uvular consonant. After an uvular consonant, voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals; non-back voiced semivowels are deleted. After a mid palatalised uvular semivowel, rounded vowels become unrounded; low vowels become non-front; non-pharyngealised back semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded non-front radicals.
Unaspirated obstruents [c͡p k ɗʲ̱̰ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent. After a voiced obstruent, [c͡pʼ k͡pʼ k͡p̟ˤʼ k͡pˤʼ q͡pʼ q͡pˤʼ pʼ pʲʼ t̻ʼ t͡s̻ʼ t͡ɕʼ] become [ɓʲ̰ ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓ̰ ɓʲ̰ ɗ̻̰ ɗ͡z̻̰ ɗ͡ʑ̰]; [cʼ kʷʼ kˤʷʼ qʷʼ qˤʷʼ] become [j w ʊ̯ˤ w ʊ̯ˤ]; [k̟ʷʼ kʼ qʼ] are deleted; [k̟ˤʷʼ] become [ʕ]. After a voiceless obstruent, implosives become non-implosive.
Non-front vowels and velar or uvular semivowels other than central low vowels [w ʊ̜̰ ɜ̃ ...] become front [ ɪ̰ ɛ̃ ...] after a front consonant. Rounded vowels become unrounded; low vowels become central; non-pharyngealised semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded non-front radicals.
Back vowels and semivowels [ɑ̃ ɤː ɔ̯ ...] persistently become central [ã ɘː ...] before a front semivowel. Rounded vowels become unrounded; non-pharyngealised semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded radicals.
Obstruents [c͡pʰ tʲ̱ʼ ɓˤ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following consonant other than resonant. Before a voiceless consonant other than a resonant, implosives become non-implosive. Before a voiced consonant other than a resonant, aspirated stops become unaspirated; unrounded non-implosive ejective stops other than [cʼ kʼ qʼ] become implosives; [cʼ kʷʼ kˤʷʼ qʷʼ qˤʷʼ] become [j w ʊ̯ˤ w ʊ̯ˤ]; bilabial-palatal or velar ejective stops become non-dorsal; [k̟ʷʼ kʼ qʼ] are deleted; [k͡pʼ k͡pˤʼ] become [ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰]; [q͡pʼ q͡pˤʼ] become [ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰]; [k̟ˤʷʼ] become [ʕ].
[c͡pʰ c͡p k͡pʰ k͡p k͡p̟ˤʰ k͡p̟ˤ k͡pˤʰ k͡pˤ q͡pʰ q͡p q͡pˤʰ q͡pˤ pʰ p pˤ pʲʰ pʲ t̻ʰ t̻ tʲ̱ cʰ c k̟ʷʰ k̟ʷ kʰ k kʷʰ kʷ k̟ˤʷʰ k̟ˤʷ kˤʷʰ kˤʷ qʰ q qʷʰ qʷ qˤʷʰ qˤʷ ɓ ɓˤ ɓʲ ɗ̻ ɗʲ̱ t͡s̻ʰ t͡s̻ t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕ ɗ͡z̻ ɗ͡ʑ] assimilate in aspiration to a preceding consonant other than resonant. After an aspirated consonant, voiced implosives become unaspirated; implosives become non-implosive.
[ɲ͡m mʲ n̻ nʲ̱ ɲ ŋ ŋ̟ˤ ŋˤ ɴ ɴˤ c͡pʰ c͡p c͡pʼ ɟ͡b pʲʰ pʲ pʲʼ bʲ t̻ʰ t̻ t̻ʼ d̻ tʲʰ̱ tʲ̱ tʲ̱ʼ dʲ̱ cʰ c cʼ ɟ kʰ k kʼ g qʰ q qʼ ɢ ɓʲ ɓʲ̰ ɗ̻ ɗ̻̰ ɗʲ̱ ɗʲ̱̰ t͡s̻ʰ t͡s̻ t͡s̻ʼ d͡z̻ t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ ɗ͡z̻ ɗ͡z̻̰ ɗ͡ʑ ɗ͡ʑ̰ fʲ vʲ s̻ z̻ ɕ ʑ ç ʝ x ɣ x̟ˤ ɣ̟ˤ xˤ ɣˤ χ ʁ χˤ ʁˤ h ɾ̻ ɾʲ̻ j̥ j ɪ̯̥ ɪ̯ e̯̥ e̯ ɛ̯̥ ɛ̯] become rounded before a high rounded vowel or semivowel. [ɲ͡m mʲ c͡pʰ c͡p c͡pʼ ɟ͡b pʲʰ pʲ pʲʼ bʲ ɓʲ ɓʲ̰ fʲ vʲ j̥ ɪ̯̥ e̯̥ ɛ̯̥] become [ŋ͡m̟ ŋ͡m̟ k͡p̟ʰ k͡p̟ k͡p̟ʼ g͡b̟ k͡p̟ʰ k͡p̟ k͡p̟ʼ g͡b̟ ɓ ɓ̰ x̟ ɣ̟ h h h h]; front consonants other than voiced semivowels become non-front; [h j ɪ̯ e̯ ɛ̯] are deleted.
Short non-glottalised unaspirated voiceless fricatives [f ç x̟ˤʷ ...] become voiced [v ʝ ɣ̟ˤʷ ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
Non-creaky-voiced voiced vowels [i ʊː ɜ̃ ...] become creaky-voiced [ḭ ʊː̰ ɜ̰̃ ...] before a creaky-voiced implosive.
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 2031309653.
Consonants
Nasal /ɲ͡m ŋ͡m ŋ͡mˤ m n̻ ɲ ŋ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ ɴ ɴˤ/
Stop /c͡p k͡p k͡pˤ q͡p q͡pˤ p ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓʲ̰ t̻ ɗ̻̰ c k kʷ kˤʷ q/
Fricative /f v s̻ z̻ ʝ ɣ ɣˤ ʁ ʁˤ ħʰ ʕ h/
Resonant /ɾ̻ j w ʊ̯ˤ/
Vowels
High /i iː ɨ ɨː u uː/
Mid-low /ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛː̃ ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔː̃/
Low /a aː ã aː̃/
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant other than /ŋʷ ŋˤʷ/
V: a vowel
C2: a sonorant other than /ħʰ ʕ/; i.e. one of /ɲ͡m ŋ͡m ŋ͡mˤ m n̻ ɲ ŋ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ h/
Allophony
[h] become [ħʰ] before a pharyngealised consonant.
Voiceless stops [c͡p q͡pˤ k ...] persistently become aspirated [c͡pʰ q͡pˤʰ kʰ ...] before an aspirated radical.
Central vowels [ɨ a ã ...] become back [ɯ ɑ ɑ̃ ...] before a pharyngealised consonant.
[ŋ͡m ŋ͡mˤ m n̻ ŋ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ k͡pʰ k͡p k͡pˤʰ k͡pˤ pʰ p t̻ʰ t̻ kʰ k kʷʰ kʷ kˤʷʰ kˤʷ ɓ̰ ɓʲ̰ ɗ̻̰ f v s̻ z̻ ɣ ɣˤ h ɾ̻] assimilate in palatalisation to a preceding consonant other than semivowel. After a front consonant other than [j], [ŋ͡mˤ ŋʷ ŋˤ ŋˤʷ k͡pˤʰ k͡pˤ kʷʰ kʷ kˤʷʰ kˤʷ ɣˤ] become [ŋ͡m̟ˤ ŋ̟ʷ ŋ̟ˤ ŋ̟ˤʷ k͡p̟ˤʰ k͡p̟ˤ k̟ʷʰ k̟ʷ k̟ˤʷʰ k̟ˤʷ ɣ̟ˤ]; alveolar consonants other than [ɾ̻] become alveopalatal; [t̻ʰ t̻] become [t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕ]; [h] become [j̥].
Non-sibilant coronal coronal stops [t̻ʰ t̻ ɗ̻̰ ɗʲ̱̰] become sibilants [t͡s̻ʰ t͡s̻ ɗ͡z̻̰ ɗ͡ʑ̰] before a front high tense vowel or a high palatal tense semivowel.
Alveopalatal stops or nasals [nʲ̱ ɗʲ̱̰ t͡ɕ ...] become non-affricate non-coronal palatal [ɲ c ...] before a palatal obstruent or nasal. Implosives are deleted.
Tense vowels and semivowels [j̥ i ɯ ...] persistently become lax [ɪ̯̥ ɪ ʊ̜ ...] after a pharyngealised consonant.
Non-pharyngealised velar obstruents or nasals [ŋ͡m k͡pʰ k ...] become palatal [ɲ͡m c͡pʰ c ...] after a front vowel or semivowel. Rounded stops or nasals become velar.
Stops [c͡pʰ pʲʰ kˤʷʰ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following non-nasal consonant other than resonant. Before a creaky-voiced implosive, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Palatal obstruents or nasals [cʼ ɲ c͡pʰ ...] persistently become alveopalatal [t͡ɕʼ nʲ̱ t͡ɕʰ ...] before an alveopalatal obstruent or nasal. Stops become affricates; bilabial stops or nasals become non-labial.
High vowels and semivowels [j̥ i ɪ ...] become non-high [e̯̥ e ɛ ...] before a non-near-high vowel or an uvular consonant except for a vowel or semivowel.
[ɓ ɓˤ ɓʲ ɗ̻ ɗʲ̱ ɗ͡z̻ ɗ͡ʑ ʕ i iː ɨ ɨː ɯ ɯː u uː ɪ ɪː ɪ̈ ɪ̈ː ʊ̜ ʊ̜ː ʊ ʊː e eː ɘ ɘː ɤ ɤː o oː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛː̃ ɜ ɜː ʌ ʌː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔː̃ a aː ã aː̃ ɑ ɑː ɑ̃ ɑː̃] persistently become creaky-voiced after a creaky-voiced implosive. [ʕ] are deleted.
Dorsal obstruents or nasals [ɲ͡m k͡pʼ k ...] persistently assimilate in uvularity to a following dorsal obstruent or nasal. Before an uvular obstruent or nasal, non-back obstruents or nasals become uvular; palatal obstruents or nasals become uvular.
[o̯ ɔ̯] are deleted after a non-low front vowel or a front semivowel.
High vowels and semivowels [j̥ ɨː ɪː̰ ...] persistently become non-high [e̯̥ ɘː ɛː̰ ...] before a pharyngealised consonant.
Stops [c͡pʰ t̻ʰ qʷ ...] assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than resonant. After a glottalised stop, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Tense vowels and semivowels [j̥ ɨː eː̰ ...] persistently become lax [ɪ̯̥ ɪ̈ː ɛː̰ ...] before a pharyngealised consonant.
Front vowels and semivowels [j̥ ḭ eː ...] become central [h ɨ̰ ɘː ...] before a back semivowel. Voiced semivowels are deleted; voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals.
Vowels and semivowels other than central low vowels [j̥ ɪː ɛː̰ ...] persistently assimilate in frontness or palatalisation to a preceding uvular consonant. After an uvular consonant, voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals; voiced front semivowels are deleted. After a mid palatalised uvular semivowel, rounded vowels become unrounded; low vowels become non-front; non-pharyngealised velar or uvular semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded non-front radicals.
Front vowels and semivowels [j̥ ḭ eː ...] become non-front [h ɨ̰ ɘː ...] after an uvular obstruent or nasal. Voiced semivowels are deleted; voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals.
Vowels and semivowels other than central low vowels [j̥ ɪː ɛː̰ ...] assimilate in frontness or palatalisation to a preceding uvular consonant. After an uvular consonant, voiceless semivowels become aspirated radicals; non-back voiced semivowels are deleted. After a mid palatalised uvular semivowel, rounded vowels become unrounded; low vowels become non-front; non-pharyngealised back semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded non-front radicals.
Unaspirated obstruents [c͡p k ɗʲ̱̰ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent. After a voiced obstruent, [c͡pʼ k͡pʼ k͡p̟ˤʼ k͡pˤʼ q͡pʼ q͡pˤʼ pʼ pʲʼ t̻ʼ t͡s̻ʼ t͡ɕʼ] become [ɓʲ̰ ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰ ɓ̰ ɓʲ̰ ɗ̻̰ ɗ͡z̻̰ ɗ͡ʑ̰]; [cʼ kʷʼ kˤʷʼ qʷʼ qˤʷʼ] become [j w ʊ̯ˤ w ʊ̯ˤ]; [k̟ʷʼ kʼ qʼ] are deleted; [k̟ˤʷʼ] become [ʕ]. After a voiceless obstruent, implosives become non-implosive.
Non-front vowels and velar or uvular semivowels other than central low vowels [w ʊ̜̰ ɜ̃ ...] become front [ ɪ̰ ɛ̃ ...] after a front consonant. Rounded vowels become unrounded; low vowels become central; non-pharyngealised semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded non-front radicals.
Back vowels and semivowels [ɑ̃ ɤː ɔ̯ ...] persistently become central [ã ɘː ...] before a front semivowel. Rounded vowels become unrounded; non-pharyngealised semivowels are deleted; pharyngealised semivowels become unrounded radicals.
Obstruents [c͡pʰ tʲ̱ʼ ɓˤ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following consonant other than resonant. Before a voiceless consonant other than a resonant, implosives become non-implosive. Before a voiced consonant other than a resonant, aspirated stops become unaspirated; unrounded non-implosive ejective stops other than [cʼ kʼ qʼ] become implosives; [cʼ kʷʼ kˤʷʼ qʷʼ qˤʷʼ] become [j w ʊ̯ˤ w ʊ̯ˤ]; bilabial-palatal or velar ejective stops become non-dorsal; [k̟ʷʼ kʼ qʼ] are deleted; [k͡pʼ k͡pˤʼ] become [ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰]; [q͡pʼ q͡pˤʼ] become [ɓ̰ ɓˤ̰]; [k̟ˤʷʼ] become [ʕ].
[c͡pʰ c͡p k͡pʰ k͡p k͡p̟ˤʰ k͡p̟ˤ k͡pˤʰ k͡pˤ q͡pʰ q͡p q͡pˤʰ q͡pˤ pʰ p pˤ pʲʰ pʲ t̻ʰ t̻ tʲ̱ cʰ c k̟ʷʰ k̟ʷ kʰ k kʷʰ kʷ k̟ˤʷʰ k̟ˤʷ kˤʷʰ kˤʷ qʰ q qʷʰ qʷ qˤʷʰ qˤʷ ɓ ɓˤ ɓʲ ɗ̻ ɗʲ̱ t͡s̻ʰ t͡s̻ t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕ ɗ͡z̻ ɗ͡ʑ] assimilate in aspiration to a preceding consonant other than resonant. After an aspirated consonant, voiced implosives become unaspirated; implosives become non-implosive.
[ɲ͡m mʲ n̻ nʲ̱ ɲ ŋ ŋ̟ˤ ŋˤ ɴ ɴˤ c͡pʰ c͡p c͡pʼ ɟ͡b pʲʰ pʲ pʲʼ bʲ t̻ʰ t̻ t̻ʼ d̻ tʲʰ̱ tʲ̱ tʲ̱ʼ dʲ̱ cʰ c cʼ ɟ kʰ k kʼ g qʰ q qʼ ɢ ɓʲ ɓʲ̰ ɗ̻ ɗ̻̰ ɗʲ̱ ɗʲ̱̰ t͡s̻ʰ t͡s̻ t͡s̻ʼ d͡z̻ t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ ɗ͡z̻ ɗ͡z̻̰ ɗ͡ʑ ɗ͡ʑ̰ fʲ vʲ s̻ z̻ ɕ ʑ ç ʝ x ɣ x̟ˤ ɣ̟ˤ xˤ ɣˤ χ ʁ χˤ ʁˤ h ɾ̻ ɾʲ̻ j̥ j ɪ̯̥ ɪ̯ e̯̥ e̯ ɛ̯̥ ɛ̯] become rounded before a high rounded vowel or semivowel. [ɲ͡m mʲ c͡pʰ c͡p c͡pʼ ɟ͡b pʲʰ pʲ pʲʼ bʲ ɓʲ ɓʲ̰ fʲ vʲ j̥ ɪ̯̥ e̯̥ ɛ̯̥] become [ŋ͡m̟ ŋ͡m̟ k͡p̟ʰ k͡p̟ k͡p̟ʼ g͡b̟ k͡p̟ʰ k͡p̟ k͡p̟ʼ g͡b̟ ɓ ɓ̰ x̟ ɣ̟ h h h h]; front consonants other than voiced semivowels become non-front; [h j ɪ̯ e̯ ɛ̯] are deleted.
Short non-glottalised unaspirated voiceless fricatives [f ç x̟ˤʷ ...] become voiced [v ʝ ɣ̟ˤʷ ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
Non-creaky-voiced voiced vowels [i ʊː ɜ̃ ...] become creaky-voiced [ḭ ʊː̰ ɜ̰̃ ...] before a creaky-voiced implosive.
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 2031309653.
when the hell did that happen
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Yet another two seeds:
#1491180033, Piyek Osc [piyec ost͡s]
Phonemes:
/p t t͡s k ʔ/
/s/
/j w/
/m n/
/i e a o u/
Transcription:
<p t c k '>
<s>
<y w>
<m n>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(N)(C)
N is one of /m n t s j w/
Allophony:
-Semivowels become mid-high after a lax vowel
-/t/ + /s/ = /t͡s/
-Back vowels become central after a front semivowel, the back semivowels are deleted in the same environment
-/k/ becomes [c] after [i j e̯]
-[o̯] is deleted before [i j e̯]
-Front vowels become central before a back semivowel, the front semivowels are deleted in the same environment
-/n/ assimilates in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
Sample sentence:
Ka ke 'ats mi ete a tak tamkko? Weya na peyiyi 'imp cemm'e yuwtyo.
[ka ke ʔat͡s mi ete a tak tamkːo wee̯a na pee̯iji ʔimp t͡semːe jʉwtjɵ]
And #1585649123, Kahna Tahnhici [kãna tãɳit͡ʃi]
Phonemes:
/t tʰ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ k kʰ/
/f/
/l j ɰ/
/m n ɳ/
/i e a ɑ o u/
Transcription:
<t th c ch k kh>
<f>
<l y w>
<m n nh>
<i e a ah o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony:
-Vowels nasalize before a nasal
-Front vowels centralize before /ɳ/
-Back vowels become front before a coronal
-/ɰ/ becomes [w] after a rounded vowel
Sample sentence:
Nhi yahkhuya ti nechah ekou tah khu le, uwiyah afilu temoikhoe thani wawi wu ma.
[ɳi jɑkʰyja ti net͡ʃʰɑ ekou tɑ kʰu le uwijɑ afilu tẽmoikʰoe tʰãni ɰaɰi ɰu ma]
#1491180033, Piyek Osc [piyec ost͡s]
Phonemes:
/p t t͡s k ʔ/
/s/
/j w/
/m n/
/i e a o u/
Transcription:
<p t c k '>
<s>
<y w>
<m n>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(N)(C)
N is one of /m n t s j w/
Allophony:
-Semivowels become mid-high after a lax vowel
-/t/ + /s/ = /t͡s/
-Back vowels become central after a front semivowel, the back semivowels are deleted in the same environment
-/k/ becomes [c] after [i j e̯]
-[o̯] is deleted before [i j e̯]
-Front vowels become central before a back semivowel, the front semivowels are deleted in the same environment
-/n/ assimilates in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
Sample sentence:
Ka ke 'ats mi ete a tak tamkko? Weya na peyiyi 'imp cemm'e yuwtyo.
[ka ke ʔat͡s mi ete a tak tamkːo wee̯a na pee̯iji ʔimp t͡semːe jʉwtjɵ]
And #1585649123, Kahna Tahnhici [kãna tãɳit͡ʃi]
Phonemes:
/t tʰ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ k kʰ/
/f/
/l j ɰ/
/m n ɳ/
/i e a ɑ o u/
Transcription:
<t th c ch k kh>
<f>
<l y w>
<m n nh>
<i e a ah o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony:
-Vowels nasalize before a nasal
-Front vowels centralize before /ɳ/
-Back vowels become front before a coronal
-/ɰ/ becomes [w] after a rounded vowel
Sample sentence:
Nhi yahkhuya ti nechah ekou tah khu le, uwiyah afilu temoikhoe thani wawi wu ma.
[ɳi jɑkʰyja ti net͡ʃʰɑ ekou tɑ kʰu le uwijɑ afilu tẽmoikʰoe tʰãni ɰaɰi ɰu ma]
Last edited by ÜberBen on Sun Aug 05, 2018 10:10 am, edited 1 time in total.
- Man in Space
- Posts: 1704
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Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Seed 1901630755 gives us this lovely rule, slightly edited because as written it interferes with BBCode:
I am aware that something similar is thought to have happened along the way to Kiput, but it's still really unlikely.Between a vowel and a vowel or an approximant, [d] become [t]; b become [ɸ]; [g] are deleted.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Two more seeds for your enjoyment:
#1547964579, Mojēwlāpēeka [mɔd͡zɛːʟaːpoːka]
Phonemes:
/p b ɓ t d ɗ t͡s d͡z k g/
/f θ s x xʷ/
/l j ʟ/
/m n/
/i y e ø ɛ œ a ɔ o u/ + length
Transcription:
<p b b' t d d' c j k g>
<f x s h wh>
<l y wl>
<m n>
<i ü ee öö e ö a o oo u> (short)
<ī û ēe ôö ē ô ā ō ōo ū> (long
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony:
-/a/ becomes /ɛ/ before /j/
-Back vowels centralize before /j/
-[j] becomes [ɛ̯] after a lax vowel
-Non-back vowels become back before velars. The unrounded front vowels also become rounded
Sample Sentence:
Bad'e pōob'ā côö sôöwhödee no ub'ûhôxū eeyofōo wlôjōobooyo peeyô dēenôme.
[baɗɛ poːɓaː t͡søː soːxʷœde nɔ uɓuːxœːθuː ejɔfoː ʟœːd͡zoːbɵjɔ pejœ deːnœːmɛ]
And #1558188434, Wibitoar [wiβidoæɾ]
Phonemes:
/p b t d k g ʔ/
/f s/
/ɾ j w/
/m n/
/i e a o u/
Transcription:
<p b t d k g ʔ>
<f s>
<r y w>
<m n>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(N)
N is one of /m n b g ɾ j w/
Allophony:
-Voiced stops become fricatives between (semi)vowels, but /ʔ/ is unaffected and /d/ turns to [z]
-Voiceless obstruents are voiced between two voiced phones
-Velar obstruents become palatal after /i j/
-Labial obstruents and nasals assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal
-Before /j/ back vowels become unrounded central vowels and /w/ is deleted
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-Voiced Non-nasal consonants become voiceless word-finally
-Semivowels become mid-low before lax vowels
-Voiceless obstruents + /ʔ/ = Ejectives
-Vowels and semivowels assimilate in frontness/palatalisation to a preceding mid-low semivowel, but:
After [ɛ̯] rounded vowels and semivowels become unrounded and /a/ become [ɛ]
After [ɔ̯] front semivowels are deleted
-Vowels and semivowels nasalize before a nasal
-Central vowels become front after a coronal
Sample Sentence:
Otirim dasopoo rirebe bei fiw dun i kiewemum biketomu foyʔi fowug redi!
[odirĩm dæzoboo rireβe bei fiʍ dũn i kieɔ̯ẽmũm biɟedõmu fɘjʔi fowuk rezi]
#1547964579, Mojēwlāpēeka [mɔd͡zɛːʟaːpoːka]
Phonemes:
/p b ɓ t d ɗ t͡s d͡z k g/
/f θ s x xʷ/
/l j ʟ/
/m n/
/i y e ø ɛ œ a ɔ o u/ + length
Transcription:
<p b b' t d d' c j k g>
<f x s h wh>
<l y wl>
<m n>
<i ü ee öö e ö a o oo u> (short)
<ī û ēe ôö ē ô ā ō ōo ū> (long
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony:
-/a/ becomes /ɛ/ before /j/
-Back vowels centralize before /j/
-[j] becomes [ɛ̯] after a lax vowel
-Non-back vowels become back before velars. The unrounded front vowels also become rounded
Sample Sentence:
Bad'e pōob'ā côö sôöwhödee no ub'ûhôxū eeyofōo wlôjōobooyo peeyô dēenôme.
[baɗɛ poːɓaː t͡søː soːxʷœde nɔ uɓuːxœːθuː ejɔfoː ʟœːd͡zoːbɵjɔ pejœ deːnœːmɛ]
And #1558188434, Wibitoar [wiβidoæɾ]
Phonemes:
/p b t d k g ʔ/
/f s/
/ɾ j w/
/m n/
/i e a o u/
Transcription:
<p b t d k g ʔ>
<f s>
<r y w>
<m n>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(N)
N is one of /m n b g ɾ j w/
Allophony:
-Voiced stops become fricatives between (semi)vowels, but /ʔ/ is unaffected and /d/ turns to [z]
-Voiceless obstruents are voiced between two voiced phones
-Velar obstruents become palatal after /i j/
-Labial obstruents and nasals assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal
-Before /j/ back vowels become unrounded central vowels and /w/ is deleted
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-Voiced Non-nasal consonants become voiceless word-finally
-Semivowels become mid-low before lax vowels
-Voiceless obstruents + /ʔ/ = Ejectives
-Vowels and semivowels assimilate in frontness/palatalisation to a preceding mid-low semivowel, but:
After [ɛ̯] rounded vowels and semivowels become unrounded and /a/ become [ɛ]
After [ɔ̯] front semivowels are deleted
-Vowels and semivowels nasalize before a nasal
-Central vowels become front after a coronal
Sample Sentence:
Otirim dasopoo rirebe bei fiw dun i kiewemum biketomu foyʔi fowug redi!
[odirĩm dæzoboo rireβe bei fiʍ dũn i kieɔ̯ẽmũm biɟedõmu fɘjʔi fowuk rezi]
Last edited by ÜberBen on Sun Aug 05, 2018 10:14 am, edited 1 time in total.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Another pair of seeds:
#1404112471, Nekkyhhŏ [nɛkʕɯ̽ˤʕɤ]
Phonemes:
/p t t͡s k kʕ/
/s ħ ʕ/
/β̞ ɾ/
/m n/
/i e a ʌ ɤ o ɯ u/
Transcription:
<p t ts k kk>
<s h hh>
<w r>
<m n>
<i e a ə ŏ o y u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony:
-Tense vowels become lax when neighboring /kʕ ʕ ħ/, and High vowels become pharyngealised
-/a/ backs into /ɑ/ before /kʕ ʕ ħ/
-Mid-low vowels become low after /kʕ ʕ ħ/, and Non-back vowels become non-front (Front -> Central, Central -> Back)
-/s/ is voiced between vowels
-Front vowels become central after /kʕ ʕ ħ/
Sample Sentence:
Nŏ symeane asuiroe hhŏwə py iha kkesa hoso pe rahhŏ.
[nɤ sɯmeane azuiɾoe ʕɑβ̞ʌ pɯ ɪʕħɑ kʕaza ħɔzo pe rɑʕɑ]
And #1807689428, Luzzõus [lʷut͡sʷːõus]
Phonemes:
/p pʰ t tʰ t͡s t͡sʰ c cʰ k kʰ/
/s/
/w l j/
/m n/
/i ɛ a ɔ u/ + Nasality
Transcription:
<b p d t z c gy ky g k>
<s>
<w l y>
<m n>
<i e a o u> + Tilde
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(C)
Allophony:
-All consonants except for /c cʰ w j/ palatalize before a palatal
-Aspirated stops de-aspirate before other consonants (except approximants) and word-finally
-Before /p pʰ m/ palatal or velar stops become bilabial
[n nʲ] assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-All consonants except for /p pʰ m j w/ labialize before /ɔ u w/, and palatal stops/nasals become velar
-Unaspirated stops aspirate after an aspirate
Sample Sentence:
Adkõb cauwbu cãgyã getũnmãw ĩugy ũkyõz iwpaãm.
[atkʷʰɔ̃p t͡sʰawpʷu t͡sʰãcã ketʷʰũmmãw ĩuc ũkʰɔt͡s iwpʰaãm]
#1404112471, Nekkyhhŏ [nɛkʕɯ̽ˤʕɤ]
Phonemes:
/p t t͡s k kʕ/
/s ħ ʕ/
/β̞ ɾ/
/m n/
/i e a ʌ ɤ o ɯ u/
Transcription:
<p t ts k kk>
<s h hh>
<w r>
<m n>
<i e a ə ŏ o y u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony:
-Tense vowels become lax when neighboring /kʕ ʕ ħ/, and High vowels become pharyngealised
-/a/ backs into /ɑ/ before /kʕ ʕ ħ/
-Mid-low vowels become low after /kʕ ʕ ħ/, and Non-back vowels become non-front (Front -> Central, Central -> Back)
-/s/ is voiced between vowels
-Front vowels become central after /kʕ ʕ ħ/
Sample Sentence:
Nŏ symeane asuiroe hhŏwə py iha kkesa hoso pe rahhŏ.
[nɤ sɯmeane azuiɾoe ʕɑβ̞ʌ pɯ ɪʕħɑ kʕaza ħɔzo pe rɑʕɑ]
And #1807689428, Luzzõus [lʷut͡sʷːõus]
Phonemes:
/p pʰ t tʰ t͡s t͡sʰ c cʰ k kʰ/
/s/
/w l j/
/m n/
/i ɛ a ɔ u/ + Nasality
Transcription:
<b p d t z c gy ky g k>
<s>
<w l y>
<m n>
<i e a o u> + Tilde
Syllable Structure:
(C)V(C)
Allophony:
-All consonants except for /c cʰ w j/ palatalize before a palatal
-Aspirated stops de-aspirate before other consonants (except approximants) and word-finally
-Before /p pʰ m/ palatal or velar stops become bilabial
[n nʲ] assimilate in POA to a following obstruent/nasal
-All consonants except for /p pʰ m j w/ labialize before /ɔ u w/, and palatal stops/nasals become velar
-Unaspirated stops aspirate after an aspirate
Sample Sentence:
Adkõb cauwbu cãgyã getũnmãw ĩugy ũkyõz iwpaãm.
[atkʷʰɔ̃p t͡sʰawpʷu t͡sʰãcã ketʷʰũmmãw ĩuc ũkʰɔt͡s iwpʰaãm]
Last edited by ÜberBen on Sun Aug 05, 2018 10:18 am, edited 1 time in total.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Alright, last two seeds for this batch and I'll let the thread rest.
#1510769164, 7unt'amer [ʔunt'amɛɾ]
Phonemes:
/p p' t t' k k' q q' ʔ/
/s/
/β̞ l r ɾ j/
/m n/
/i ɛ a ɔ u/
Transcription:
<p p' t t' k k' q q' 7>
<s>
<w l rr r y>
<m n>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(S)(C)(R)V(C)
S is /s/ or a sonorant
R is one of /m n β̞ l j/
/r/ cannot be a coda
Allophony:
-Stops assimilate in ejectivity to a neighboring Obstruent
-/u ɔ/ centralize when neighboring /j/
-Non-nasal consonants assimilate in voice to a following Obstruent/Nasal, but:
Before a voiceless consonant, voiced resonants become obstruents
Before a nasal, ejectives become plain stops and /ʔ/ elides
-All consonants except for /q q' j/ + /j/ = palatalized consonants, and /ʔʲ/ => /j/
-Consonants other than [c cʼ ɟ q q' j] assimilate in palatalisation to the following consonant, but:
Before a coronal, /ʔ/ turns to /j/
Before a non-coronal, [kʲ] turns to /k/
-Before [l lʲ], /r ɾ/ both turn to /l/
-Before /r ɾ/, [l lʲ] both turn to /ɾ/
-/ɾɾ/ => /r/
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following Obstruent/Nasal
-Velar and uvular stops/nasals assimilate in uvularity to a following dorsal that isn't /j/
-[ŋ ɴ k kʼ g q qʼ ɢ i ɛ] become labialized/rounded before a bilabial consonant
-Dental stops + /s/ => affricates
-/j/ becomes near-high before lax vowels
-Before /i ɛ j/, uvular stops become velar and lose labialization
Sample Sentence:
Owmri nniq u we qwip k'oyrutlk'o p'mat'p'et' pmememlrapai? Qesrray7nuoq' k'lop'oro.
[ɔβ̞mɾi nːiq u β̞ɛ kwip k'ɞjɾutlk'ɔ bmat'p'ɛt' bmɛmɛmrapai qɛsrajnuɔq' k'lɔp'ɔɾɔ]
And #1494484427, Sukpu [suk͡pu]
Phonemes:
/p mb t nd k ŋg k͡p ŋ͡mg͡b/
/s x/
/r l j/
/i e a o u/
Transcription:
<p b t d k g kp gb>
<s h>
<r l y>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony
-/ŋg/ becomes /ɣ/ between vowels
-/j/ becomes near-high before a lax vowel
-(Labial-)Velar obstruents palatalize before /i/
-Back vowels become front after /j/, and /a/ turns to [ɛ] in the same environment
Sample Sentence:
Ouhua oakpu pi gbosoha yeku gie, u ubeo gbe poli dolo yi kpego.
[ouxua oak͡pu pi ŋ͡mg͡bosoxa ɪ̯eku ɲɟie u umbeo ŋ͡mg͡be poli ndolo ji k͡peɣo]
#1510769164, 7unt'amer [ʔunt'amɛɾ]
Phonemes:
/p p' t t' k k' q q' ʔ/
/s/
/β̞ l r ɾ j/
/m n/
/i ɛ a ɔ u/
Transcription:
<p p' t t' k k' q q' 7>
<s>
<w l rr r y>
<m n>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(S)(C)(R)V(C)
S is /s/ or a sonorant
R is one of /m n β̞ l j/
/r/ cannot be a coda
Allophony:
-Stops assimilate in ejectivity to a neighboring Obstruent
-/u ɔ/ centralize when neighboring /j/
-Non-nasal consonants assimilate in voice to a following Obstruent/Nasal, but:
Before a voiceless consonant, voiced resonants become obstruents
Before a nasal, ejectives become plain stops and /ʔ/ elides
-All consonants except for /q q' j/ + /j/ = palatalized consonants, and /ʔʲ/ => /j/
-Consonants other than [c cʼ ɟ q q' j] assimilate in palatalisation to the following consonant, but:
Before a coronal, /ʔ/ turns to /j/
Before a non-coronal, [kʲ] turns to /k/
-Before [l lʲ], /r ɾ/ both turn to /l/
-Before /r ɾ/, [l lʲ] both turn to /ɾ/
-/ɾɾ/ => /r/
-Nasals assimilate in POA to a following Obstruent/Nasal
-Velar and uvular stops/nasals assimilate in uvularity to a following dorsal that isn't /j/
-[ŋ ɴ k kʼ g q qʼ ɢ i ɛ] become labialized/rounded before a bilabial consonant
-Dental stops + /s/ => affricates
-/j/ becomes near-high before lax vowels
-Before /i ɛ j/, uvular stops become velar and lose labialization
Sample Sentence:
Owmri nniq u we qwip k'oyrutlk'o p'mat'p'et' pmememlrapai? Qesrray7nuoq' k'lop'oro.
[ɔβ̞mɾi nːiq u β̞ɛ kwip k'ɞjɾutlk'ɔ bmat'p'ɛt' bmɛmɛmrapai qɛsrajnuɔq' k'lɔp'ɔɾɔ]
And #1494484427, Sukpu [suk͡pu]
Phonemes:
/p mb t nd k ŋg k͡p ŋ͡mg͡b/
/s x/
/r l j/
/i e a o u/
Transcription:
<p b t d k g kp gb>
<s h>
<r l y>
<i e a o u>
Syllable Structure:
(C)V
Allophony
-/ŋg/ becomes /ɣ/ between vowels
-/j/ becomes near-high before a lax vowel
-(Labial-)Velar obstruents palatalize before /i/
-Back vowels become front after /j/, and /a/ turns to [ɛ] in the same environment
Sample Sentence:
Ouhua oakpu pi gbosoha yeku gie, u ubeo gbe poli dolo yi kpego.
[ouxua oak͡pu pi ŋ͡mg͡bosoxa ɪ̯eku ɲɟie u umbeo ŋ͡mg͡be poli ndolo ji k͡peɣo]
Last edited by ÜberBen on Sun Aug 05, 2018 10:20 am, edited 1 time in total.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Look at those affricates.
Phonemic inventory
Consonants Labial Laminal
alveolar Palatoalv. Velar Velar
lateral Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n̻ ŋ
Stop p t̻ t̻ʼ ṯ tʼ̱ k kʼ q qʼ
Affricate t͡s̻ t͡s̻ʼ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ k͡x k͡xʼ k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ q͡χ q͡χʼ
Fricative f s̻ ʃ x xˡ χ h
Approximant ʟ
Vowels Front Back
High i u
Mid-low ɛ ɔ
Low ɑ
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Allophony
Stops or nasals other than [t͡s̻ t͡s̻ʼ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ], i.e. [m ṯ k͡x ...], become non-affricate and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent. Before one of [p f], [k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ] become non-lateral and assimilate in place of articulation. Before an uvular obstruent, [k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ] become [q qʼ]. Before a coronal obstruent or nasal other than [n̻], [k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ] become affricates and assimilate in anteriority.
Non-ejective stops [p k t͡ɬ̱ ...] persistently become aspirated [pʰ kʰ t͡ɬʰ̱ ...] after a glottal fricative.
Stops [pʰ k t͡ɬʼ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following voiceless consonant and become non-ejective word-finally. Before an ejective stop, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Back vowels [u ɔ ɑ] persistently become non-back [ɨ ɜ a] before a palatoalveolar obstruent or nasal. Vowels other than [ɑ] become unrounded.
Velar or uvular consonants [ŋ qʼ q͡χʰ ...] persistently assimilate in highness or uvularity to a following velar or uvular consonant. Before an uvular obstruent or nasal, consonant laterals other than [ʟ] become non-lateral; [ʟ] are deleted.
Tense vowels [i ɨ u] become non-high [e ɘ o] before a non-near-high vowel or an uvular consonant except for a vowel.
[a] become [ɜ] before a velar consonant.
Non-ejective stops [pʰ kʰ t͡ɬ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in aspiration to a following consonant other than [ʟ] and become unaspirated word-finally.
Labial obstruents or nasals [m p p̪ ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Stops [pʰ k t͡ɬʼ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding voiceless consonant. After an ejective stop, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Coronal obstruents or nasals [n̻ tʼ̱ t͡ɬʰ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a following coronal obstruent or nasal other than non-affricate stop or nasal.
Velar or uvular obstruents or nasals [ŋ q k͡xʼˡ ...] become rounded [ŋʷ qʷ k͡xʼˡʷ ...] after a labial obstruent or nasal.
Central vowels [ɨ ɘ ɜ a] become back [ɑ ɑ ɑ ɑ] before an uvular obstruent or nasal. Vowels other than [a] become low; tense vowels become lax; [ɨ] become [ɑ].
Non-front mid vowels [ɘ o ɜ ɔ] become low [a ɒ a ɒ] before an uvular obstruent or nasal. Mid-high vowels become lax.
Phonemic inventory
Consonants Labial Laminal
alveolar Palatoalv. Velar Velar
lateral Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n̻ ŋ
Stop p t̻ t̻ʼ ṯ tʼ̱ k kʼ q qʼ
Affricate t͡s̻ t͡s̻ʼ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ k͡x k͡xʼ k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ q͡χ q͡χʼ
Fricative f s̻ ʃ x xˡ χ h
Approximant ʟ
Vowels Front Back
High i u
Mid-low ɛ ɔ
Low ɑ
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Allophony
Stops or nasals other than [t͡s̻ t͡s̻ʼ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ], i.e. [m ṯ k͡x ...], become non-affricate and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent. Before one of [p f], [k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ] become non-lateral and assimilate in place of articulation. Before an uvular obstruent, [k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ] become [q qʼ]. Before a coronal obstruent or nasal other than [n̻], [k͡xˡ k͡xʼˡ] become affricates and assimilate in anteriority.
Non-ejective stops [p k t͡ɬ̱ ...] persistently become aspirated [pʰ kʰ t͡ɬʰ̱ ...] after a glottal fricative.
Stops [pʰ k t͡ɬʼ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following voiceless consonant and become non-ejective word-finally. Before an ejective stop, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Back vowels [u ɔ ɑ] persistently become non-back [ɨ ɜ a] before a palatoalveolar obstruent or nasal. Vowels other than [ɑ] become unrounded.
Velar or uvular consonants [ŋ qʼ q͡χʰ ...] persistently assimilate in highness or uvularity to a following velar or uvular consonant. Before an uvular obstruent or nasal, consonant laterals other than [ʟ] become non-lateral; [ʟ] are deleted.
Tense vowels [i ɨ u] become non-high [e ɘ o] before a non-near-high vowel or an uvular consonant except for a vowel.
[a] become [ɜ] before a velar consonant.
Non-ejective stops [pʰ kʰ t͡ɬ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in aspiration to a following consonant other than [ʟ] and become unaspirated word-finally.
Labial obstruents or nasals [m p p̪ ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Stops [pʰ k t͡ɬʼ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding voiceless consonant. After an ejective stop, aspirated stops become unaspirated.
Coronal obstruents or nasals [n̻ tʼ̱ t͡ɬʰ̱ ...] persistently assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a following coronal obstruent or nasal other than non-affricate stop or nasal.
Velar or uvular obstruents or nasals [ŋ q k͡xʼˡ ...] become rounded [ŋʷ qʷ k͡xʼˡʷ ...] after a labial obstruent or nasal.
Central vowels [ɨ ɘ ɜ a] become back [ɑ ɑ ɑ ɑ] before an uvular obstruent or nasal. Vowels other than [a] become low; tense vowels become lax; [ɨ] become [ɑ].
Non-front mid vowels [ɘ o ɜ ɔ] become low [a ɒ a ɒ] before an uvular obstruent or nasal. Mid-high vowels become lax.
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Just a quick notice, I fixed a few errors, changed Nekkyhhŏ's (Formerly Koreo-Arabic) vowel transcription and given the gleblangs unique autonyms.
The next batch of seeds will be ready soon.
In the meantime, keep posting your own crazy seeds!
The next batch of seeds will be ready soon.
In the meantime, keep posting your own crazy seeds!
- bbbosborne
- Posts: 191
- Joined: Mon Jul 23, 2018 6:02 pm
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
I don't actually know what's happening here
Consonants
Nasal /m n̻ nʲ̻/
Stop /p b ɓ̰ t̻ tʼ̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ d͡ʒ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ k kʼ g/
"Fricatives" /s̻ ʃ ʒ˂̰ ɕ ʑ˂̰/
Approximant /l̻ j w/
Vowels
High /i ɨ u/
Mid-high /e ẽ o õ/
/a ã/
Syllable structure
(C1)(C2)V(R)(C3)
C1: a consonant other than a non-front palatoalveolar obstruent (/t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ d͡ʒ ʃ ʒ˂̰/)
C2: a consonant
V: a vowel
R: a sonorant; i.e. one of /m n̻ nʲ̻ l̻ j w/
C3: a non-front consonant; i.e. a consonant other than /nʲ̻ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ ɕ ʑ˂̰ j/
Allophony
Central vowels [ɨ a ã] become front [i æ æ̃] after a front consonant.
[b d̻ g d͡ʒ d͡ʑ i ɨ u e ẽ o õ æ æ̃ a ã] persistently become creaky-voiced before a creaky-voiced obstruent. Stops other than [g] become implosive; palatoalveolar affricates become fricatives; [g] are deleted.
(169) Central vowels [ɨ a ã ...] persistently become front [i æ æ̃ ...] before a front consonant.
Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n̻ nʲ̻] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
Consonants other than [j w], i.e. [m tʼ̻ d͡ʒ ...], become rounded [mʷ tʼʷ̻ d͡ʒʷ ...] before a rounded semivowel.
Back vowels and semivowels [w ṵ o̰ ...] become central [j ʉ̰ ɵ̰ ...] before a palatal semivowel. [w] become [j].
Non-nasal consonants [p gʷ t͡ɕʼʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent. Before a voiced obstruent, ejective affricates become implosive fricatives; [tʼ̻ tʼʷ̻] become [ɗ̰̻ ɗ̰ʷ̻]; [kʼʷ] become [w]; [kʼ] are deleted. Before a voiceless obstruent, implosive obstruents become non-implosive.
Rule (169) becomes inactive.
Front vowels [i ḛ æ ...] persistently become central [ɨ ɘ̰ a ...] before a velar semivowel.
[p pʼ b pʷ pʼʷ bʷ t̻ tʼ̻ d̻ tʷ̻ tʼʷ̻ dʷ̻ k kʼ g kʷ kʼʷ gʷ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ d͡ʒ t͡ʃʷ t͡ʃʼʷ d͡ʒʷ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ t͡ɕʷ t͡ɕʼʷ d͡ʑʷ ʃʼ ʃʼ ʃʷ ʃʼʷ ɕ ɕʼ ɕʼʷ ɕʼʷ] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding obstruent or nasal. After a glottalised obstruent, [ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] become [ʃ ɕʷ]; non-velar voiced stops become implosive; voiced affricate sibilants become fricatives; [gʷ] become [w]; [g] are deleted.
Non-lateral coronal obstruents or nasals [n̻ t͡ʃ ʃ ...] persistently assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a following obstruent sibilant. Before an obstruent sibilant, [ʃʼ] become non-glottalised and assimilate in anteriority. Before a palatoalveolar obstruent sibilant, non-affricate stops become affricate sibilants; [ɕʼʷ] become [ɕʷ]. Before an alveolar fricative, [ʃʼʷ] become [sʷ̻].
Front vowels [i ḛ æ ...] become central [ɨ ɘ̰ a ...] after a velar semivowel.
Bilabial stops or nasals [m pʼ pʼʷ ...] become palatalised [mʲ pʼʲ pʼʲʷ ...] before a palatalised obstruent or nasal.
Bilabial stops or nasals [m b pʲʷ ...] assimilate in dorsality and uvularity and palatalisation and whether palatal or palatalised velar to a following obstruent or nasal and become non-palatal or velar word-finally. Before a velar stop or nasal, palatalised stops or nasals become non-velar non-palatal or velar.
Voiceless obstruents other than [s̻ sʷ̻ sʲ̻ sʲʷ̻ ʃ ʃʷ ɕ ɕʷ], i.e. [p k t͡ʃʼ ...], persistently become aspirated [pʰ kʰ t͡ʃʰ ...] before a phone except for a non-nasal vowel or approximant. Obstruents other than stops become unaspirated; ejective obstruents become non-glottalised.
Coronal obstruents or nasals [n̻ t͡sʲ̻ sʷ̻ ...] assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a preceding coronal consonant. After an alveolar consonant, [ʃʼʷ] become [sʷ̻]. After a coronal consonant, [ʃʼ] become non-glottalised and assimilate in anteriority. After a palatoalveolar obstruent or nasal, non-sibilant coronal stops become affricate sibilants; [sʼʲʷ̻ ɕʼʷ] become [ɕʷ ɕʷ].
Unrounded velar stops or nasals [ŋ kʰ kʼ ...] become rounded [ŋʷ kʰʷ kʼʷ ...] before a bilabial stop or nasal.
Obstruents [pʰ ɓ̰ʲ d͡ʑʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent. After a voiced obstruent, aspirated stops become unaspirated; non-velar ejective stops become implosive; ejective affricates become fricatives; [sʼʲ̻ sʼʲʷ̻ ʃʼʷ ɕʼ] become [zʲ̻ zʲʷ̻ ʒʷ ʑ]; [kʼ] are deleted; [kʼʷ] become [w]. After an obstruent, [ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] become non-glottalised and assimilate in voice. After a voiceless obstruent, implosive obstruents become non-implosive.
Non-creaky-voiced voiced vowels [i ẽ o ...] become creaky-voiced [ḭ ḛ̃ o̰ ...] after a creaky-voiced obstruent.
[sʼ̻ sʼʷ̻ ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] persistently become laminal before a coronal consonant.
[sʼ̻ sʼʷ̻ ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] persistently become laminal before a coronal consonant.
Non-pharyngeal consonants [m g t͡ɕʼʷ ...] assimilate in palatalisation to a following consonant. Before a non-front consonant, [sʼ̻ sʼʷ̻ sʼʲ̻ sʼʲʷ̻ ʃʼ ɕʼ] become [s̻ sʷ̻ s̻ sʷ̻ ʃ ʃ]. Before a front consonant, velar rounded stops or nasals become unrounded; [ʃʼʷ ɕʼʷ] become [ɕʷ ɕʷ].
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1109507760.
Consonants
Nasal /m n̻ nʲ̻/
Stop /p b ɓ̰ t̻ tʼ̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ d͡ʒ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ k kʼ g/
"Fricatives" /s̻ ʃ ʒ˂̰ ɕ ʑ˂̰/
Approximant /l̻ j w/
Vowels
High /i ɨ u/
Mid-high /e ẽ o õ/
/a ã/
Syllable structure
(C1)(C2)V(R)(C3)
C1: a consonant other than a non-front palatoalveolar obstruent (/t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ d͡ʒ ʃ ʒ˂̰/)
C2: a consonant
V: a vowel
R: a sonorant; i.e. one of /m n̻ nʲ̻ l̻ j w/
C3: a non-front consonant; i.e. a consonant other than /nʲ̻ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ ɕ ʑ˂̰ j/
Allophony
Central vowels [ɨ a ã] become front [i æ æ̃] after a front consonant.
[b d̻ g d͡ʒ d͡ʑ i ɨ u e ẽ o õ æ æ̃ a ã] persistently become creaky-voiced before a creaky-voiced obstruent. Stops other than [g] become implosive; palatoalveolar affricates become fricatives; [g] are deleted.
(169) Central vowels [ɨ a ã ...] persistently become front [i æ æ̃ ...] before a front consonant.
Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n̻ nʲ̻] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
Consonants other than [j w], i.e. [m tʼ̻ d͡ʒ ...], become rounded [mʷ tʼʷ̻ d͡ʒʷ ...] before a rounded semivowel.
Back vowels and semivowels [w ṵ o̰ ...] become central [j ʉ̰ ɵ̰ ...] before a palatal semivowel. [w] become [j].
Non-nasal consonants [p gʷ t͡ɕʼʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent. Before a voiced obstruent, ejective affricates become implosive fricatives; [tʼ̻ tʼʷ̻] become [ɗ̰̻ ɗ̰ʷ̻]; [kʼʷ] become [w]; [kʼ] are deleted. Before a voiceless obstruent, implosive obstruents become non-implosive.
Rule (169) becomes inactive.
Front vowels [i ḛ æ ...] persistently become central [ɨ ɘ̰ a ...] before a velar semivowel.
[p pʼ b pʷ pʼʷ bʷ t̻ tʼ̻ d̻ tʷ̻ tʼʷ̻ dʷ̻ k kʼ g kʷ kʼʷ gʷ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ d͡ʒ t͡ʃʷ t͡ʃʼʷ d͡ʒʷ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ d͡ʑ t͡ɕʷ t͡ɕʼʷ d͡ʑʷ ʃʼ ʃʼ ʃʷ ʃʼʷ ɕ ɕʼ ɕʼʷ ɕʼʷ] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding obstruent or nasal. After a glottalised obstruent, [ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] become [ʃ ɕʷ]; non-velar voiced stops become implosive; voiced affricate sibilants become fricatives; [gʷ] become [w]; [g] are deleted.
Non-lateral coronal obstruents or nasals [n̻ t͡ʃ ʃ ...] persistently assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a following obstruent sibilant. Before an obstruent sibilant, [ʃʼ] become non-glottalised and assimilate in anteriority. Before a palatoalveolar obstruent sibilant, non-affricate stops become affricate sibilants; [ɕʼʷ] become [ɕʷ]. Before an alveolar fricative, [ʃʼʷ] become [sʷ̻].
Front vowels [i ḛ æ ...] become central [ɨ ɘ̰ a ...] after a velar semivowel.
Bilabial stops or nasals [m pʼ pʼʷ ...] become palatalised [mʲ pʼʲ pʼʲʷ ...] before a palatalised obstruent or nasal.
Bilabial stops or nasals [m b pʲʷ ...] assimilate in dorsality and uvularity and palatalisation and whether palatal or palatalised velar to a following obstruent or nasal and become non-palatal or velar word-finally. Before a velar stop or nasal, palatalised stops or nasals become non-velar non-palatal or velar.
Voiceless obstruents other than [s̻ sʷ̻ sʲ̻ sʲʷ̻ ʃ ʃʷ ɕ ɕʷ], i.e. [p k t͡ʃʼ ...], persistently become aspirated [pʰ kʰ t͡ʃʰ ...] before a phone except for a non-nasal vowel or approximant. Obstruents other than stops become unaspirated; ejective obstruents become non-glottalised.
Coronal obstruents or nasals [n̻ t͡sʲ̻ sʷ̻ ...] assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a preceding coronal consonant. After an alveolar consonant, [ʃʼʷ] become [sʷ̻]. After a coronal consonant, [ʃʼ] become non-glottalised and assimilate in anteriority. After a palatoalveolar obstruent or nasal, non-sibilant coronal stops become affricate sibilants; [sʼʲʷ̻ ɕʼʷ] become [ɕʷ ɕʷ].
Unrounded velar stops or nasals [ŋ kʰ kʼ ...] become rounded [ŋʷ kʰʷ kʼʷ ...] before a bilabial stop or nasal.
Obstruents [pʰ ɓ̰ʲ d͡ʑʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent. After a voiced obstruent, aspirated stops become unaspirated; non-velar ejective stops become implosive; ejective affricates become fricatives; [sʼʲ̻ sʼʲʷ̻ ʃʼʷ ɕʼ] become [zʲ̻ zʲʷ̻ ʒʷ ʑ]; [kʼ] are deleted; [kʼʷ] become [w]. After an obstruent, [ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] become non-glottalised and assimilate in voice. After a voiceless obstruent, implosive obstruents become non-implosive.
Non-creaky-voiced voiced vowels [i ẽ o ...] become creaky-voiced [ḭ ḛ̃ o̰ ...] after a creaky-voiced obstruent.
[sʼ̻ sʼʷ̻ ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] persistently become laminal before a coronal consonant.
[sʼ̻ sʼʷ̻ ʃʼ ɕʼʷ] persistently become laminal before a coronal consonant.
Non-pharyngeal consonants [m g t͡ɕʼʷ ...] assimilate in palatalisation to a following consonant. Before a non-front consonant, [sʼ̻ sʼʷ̻ sʼʲ̻ sʼʲʷ̻ ʃʼ ɕʼ] become [s̻ sʷ̻ s̻ sʷ̻ ʃ ʃ]. Before a front consonant, velar rounded stops or nasals become unrounded; [ʃʼʷ ɕʼʷ] become [ɕʷ ɕʷ].
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1109507760.
when the hell did that happen
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Phonemic inventory
Consonants
Labial Alveolar Retroflex Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɳ
Prenasalised stop mb nd ɳɖ ŋg
Stop p b t d ʈ ɖ k g ʔ
Fricative f s ʂ
Approximant w
Vowels
Front Central Back
High i ɯ u
Mid-high e ɤ o
Low a
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than a non-prenasalised voiced stop (/b d ɖ g/)
Allophony
Voiceless stops [p t ʈ k] persistently become ejective [pʼ tʼ ʈʼ kʼ] after a non-nasal glottal stop.
Short non-prenasalised voiced stops [d ɖ g b] persistently become fricatives [ β] between a vowel or semivowel and a vowel or semivowel. Stops other than are deleted.
Coronal obstruents or nasals [n t ʈʼ ...] persistently assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a following fricative sibilant.
[ɯ ɤ] become before a rounded semivowel.
Voiceless stops [p t ʈʼ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following non-nasal consonant other than [w].
Non-ejective voiceless stops [p t ʈ k] become ejective [pʼ tʼ ʈʼ kʼ] before a glottal stop.
Front vowels [e i] persistently become central [ɘ ɨ] before a velar semivowel.
Coronal stops [nd t ʈ ...] become sibilants [nd͡z t͡s ʈ͡ʂ ...] before a non-nasal coronal fricative.
[ɯ ɤ] become before a rounded semivowel.
Vowels [i u ɤ ...] become nasal [ĩ ũ ɤ̃ ...] before a nasal.
Non-nasal consonants other than [ʔ], i.e. [mb d t͡sʼ ...], assimilate in voice to a following non-nasal consonant other than [w]. Before a voiceless consonant, prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised. Before a voiced obstruent, ejective stops become non-ejective.
Alveolar obstruents or nasals [n tʼ t͡sʼ ...] persistently become retroflex [ɳ ʈʼ ʈ͡ʂʼ ...] after a retroflex obstruent or nasal.
Prenasalised stops [mb ɳɖ nd͡z ...] become nasals [m ɳ n ...] before an obstruent or nasal. Affricates become non-sibilant coronal nasals.
Non-front vowels [ɨ u ɤ̃ ...] become retroflex [ɨ˞ ɨ˞ ɘ̃˞ ...] before a retroflex obstruent or nasal. Back vowels become central; rounded vowels become unrounded.
Some words
/dandʈu/ [datʈu]
/sigu/ [siu]
/kiɳɖɤp/ [kiɳɖɤp]
/ʂimbdi/ [ʂimdi]
/takaw/ [takaw]
/ʈep/ [ʈep]
/iʈa/ [iʈa]
/ʔogo/ [ʔoo]
/tambsuw/ [tapsuw]
/ʈatumb/ [ʈatumb]
/ɳɖaŋggand/ [ɳɖaŋgand]
/ʔiɳɖɯk/ [ʔiɳɖɯk]
/suʈaw/ [sɨ˞ʈaw]
/ʂiŋgʈuɳɖ/ [ʂikʈɨ˞ɳɖ]
/ʈaɳɖo/ [ʈa˞ɳɖo]
/ʂuɳɖguw/ [ʂɨ˞ɳguw]
/niʂimb/ [niʂimb]
/sund/ [sund]
/ŋgaŋgsa/ [ŋgaksa]
/taɳɖɳɖamb/ [ta˞ɳɳɖamb]
/sadu/ [sau]
/ɳitʈi/ [ɳitʈi]
/awɳi/ [awɳi]
/ʈiɳɖɖep/ [ʈiɳɖep]
/ɯ/ [ɯ]
/ʈau/ [ʈau]
/niŋgniw/ [niŋnɨw]
/ɖakeɳɖ/ [ɖakeɳɖ]
/taf/ [taf]
/duŋgduŋg/ [duŋduŋg]
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1242876406.
Consonants
Labial Alveolar Retroflex Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɳ
Prenasalised stop mb nd ɳɖ ŋg
Stop p b t d ʈ ɖ k g ʔ
Fricative f s ʂ
Approximant w
Vowels
Front Central Back
High i ɯ u
Mid-high e ɤ o
Low a
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than a non-prenasalised voiced stop (/b d ɖ g/)
Allophony
Voiceless stops [p t ʈ k] persistently become ejective [pʼ tʼ ʈʼ kʼ] after a non-nasal glottal stop.
Short non-prenasalised voiced stops [d ɖ g b] persistently become fricatives [ β] between a vowel or semivowel and a vowel or semivowel. Stops other than are deleted.
Coronal obstruents or nasals [n t ʈʼ ...] persistently assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a following fricative sibilant.
[ɯ ɤ] become before a rounded semivowel.
Voiceless stops [p t ʈʼ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following non-nasal consonant other than [w].
Non-ejective voiceless stops [p t ʈ k] become ejective [pʼ tʼ ʈʼ kʼ] before a glottal stop.
Front vowels [e i] persistently become central [ɘ ɨ] before a velar semivowel.
Coronal stops [nd t ʈ ...] become sibilants [nd͡z t͡s ʈ͡ʂ ...] before a non-nasal coronal fricative.
[ɯ ɤ] become before a rounded semivowel.
Vowels [i u ɤ ...] become nasal [ĩ ũ ɤ̃ ...] before a nasal.
Non-nasal consonants other than [ʔ], i.e. [mb d t͡sʼ ...], assimilate in voice to a following non-nasal consonant other than [w]. Before a voiceless consonant, prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised. Before a voiced obstruent, ejective stops become non-ejective.
Alveolar obstruents or nasals [n tʼ t͡sʼ ...] persistently become retroflex [ɳ ʈʼ ʈ͡ʂʼ ...] after a retroflex obstruent or nasal.
Prenasalised stops [mb ɳɖ nd͡z ...] become nasals [m ɳ n ...] before an obstruent or nasal. Affricates become non-sibilant coronal nasals.
Non-front vowels [ɨ u ɤ̃ ...] become retroflex [ɨ˞ ɨ˞ ɘ̃˞ ...] before a retroflex obstruent or nasal. Back vowels become central; rounded vowels become unrounded.
Some words
/dandʈu/ [datʈu]
/sigu/ [siu]
/kiɳɖɤp/ [kiɳɖɤp]
/ʂimbdi/ [ʂimdi]
/takaw/ [takaw]
/ʈep/ [ʈep]
/iʈa/ [iʈa]
/ʔogo/ [ʔoo]
/tambsuw/ [tapsuw]
/ʈatumb/ [ʈatumb]
/ɳɖaŋggand/ [ɳɖaŋgand]
/ʔiɳɖɯk/ [ʔiɳɖɯk]
/suʈaw/ [sɨ˞ʈaw]
/ʂiŋgʈuɳɖ/ [ʂikʈɨ˞ɳɖ]
/ʈaɳɖo/ [ʈa˞ɳɖo]
/ʂuɳɖguw/ [ʂɨ˞ɳguw]
/niʂimb/ [niʂimb]
/sund/ [sund]
/ŋgaŋgsa/ [ŋgaksa]
/taɳɖɳɖamb/ [ta˞ɳɳɖamb]
/sadu/ [sau]
/ɳitʈi/ [ɳitʈi]
/awɳi/ [awɳi]
/ʈiɳɖɖep/ [ʈiɳɖep]
/ɯ/ [ɯ]
/ʈau/ [ʈau]
/niŋgniw/ [niŋnɨw]
/ɖakeɳɖ/ [ɖakeɳɖ]
/taf/ [taf]
/duŋgduŋg/ [duŋduŋg]
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1242876406.
Glossing Abbreviations: COMP = comparative, C = complementiser, ACS / ICS = accessible / inaccessible, GDV = gerundive, SPEC / NSPC = (non-)specific, A/ₐ = agent, E/ₑ = entity (person or thing)
________
MY MUSIC | MY PLANTS | ILIAQU
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MY MUSIC | MY PLANTS | ILIAQU
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- Posts: 1678
- Joined: Sun Jul 15, 2018 3:29 am
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Has anyone put up a version of gleb's web interface that can take a seed as a parameter?
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"Uvular-palatal approximant" /e̯/ contrasting with /j/ at 1162979377.
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"Uvular-palatal approximant" /e̯/ contrasting with /j/ at 1162979377.
Duaj teibohnggoe kyoe' quaqtoeq lucj lhaj k'yoejdej noeyn tucj.
K'yoejdaq fohm q'ujdoe duaj teibohnggoen dlehq lucj.
Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq.
K'yoejdaq fohm q'ujdoe duaj teibohnggoen dlehq lucj.
Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq. Teijp'vq.
- Man in Space
- Posts: 1704
- Joined: Sat Jul 21, 2018 1:05 am
Re: The glebst of gleb, V2.0
Seed 2116543716:
/ŋ͡m m n/
/k͡p g͡b k͡p͡x͡fˡ p b t d t͡s d͡z k g/
/s x/
/l/
/i ɨ a o/
Yes, that is /k͡p͡x͡fˡ/, a labiodental-velar lateral affricate.
/ŋ͡m m n/
/k͡p g͡b k͡p͡x͡fˡ p b t d t͡s d͡z k g/
/s x/
/l/
/i ɨ a o/
Yes, that is /k͡p͡x͡fˡ/, a labiodental-velar lateral affricate.